Consolidate host agent path env vars into single AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR

Replace AGENT_KERNEL_PATH, AGENT_IMAGES_PATH, AGENT_SANDBOXES_PATH,
AGENT_SNAPSHOTS_PATH, and AGENT_TOKEN_FILE with a single
AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR (default /var/lib/wrenn) that derives all
subdirectory paths automatically.

.env.example

@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 # Database
 DATABASE_URL=postgres://wrenn:wrenn@localhost:5432/wrenn?sslmode=disable
 
+# Redis
+REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379/0
+
 # Control Plane
 CP_LISTEN_ADDR=:8000
 CP_HOST_AGENT_ADDR=localhost:50051
 
 # Host Agent
 AGENT_LISTEN_ADDR=:50051
-AGENT_KERNEL_PATH=/var/lib/wrenn/kernels/vmlinux
+AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR=/var/lib/wrenn
-AGENT_IMAGES_PATH=/var/lib/wrenn/images
-AGENT_SANDBOXES_PATH=/var/lib/wrenn/sandboxes
 AGENT_HOST_INTERFACE=eth0
+AGENT_CP_URL=http://localhost:8000
 
 # Lago (billing — external service)
 LAGO_API_URL=http://localhost:3000
@@ -22,3 +24,12 @@ S3_REGION=fsn1
 S3_ENDPOINT=https://fsn1.your-objectstorage.com
 AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=
 AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=
+
+# Auth
+JWT_SECRET=
+
+# OAuth
+OAUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID=
+OAUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET=
+OAUTH_REDIRECT_URL=https://app.wrenn.dev
+CP_PUBLIC_URL=https://api.wrenn.dev

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+Wrenn Sandbox License
+
+Business Source License 1.1
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 M/S Omukk, Bangladesh
+
+---
+
+Licensor
+
+M/S Omukk, Bangladesh
+
+Contact: [contact@omukk.dev](mailto:contact@omukk.dev)
+
+---
+
+Licensed Work
+
+The Licensed Work is the software project known as "Wrenn Sandbox", including all source code and associated files in this repository, except the directory `envd/`, which is licensed separately under the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+Initial development of the Licensed Work began in March 2026.
+
+---
+
+Change Date
+
+January 1, 2030
+
+---
+
+Change License
+
+On the Change Date, the Licensed Work will automatically become available under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Version 3 (GPL-3.0).
+
+---
+
+Additional Use Grant (SaaS Restriction)
+
+The Licensor grants you the right to copy, modify, create derivative works, redistribute, and make non-production use of the Licensed Work, provided that you comply with the limitations of this License.
+
+You may:
+
+* Use the software for personal use
+* Use the software internally within your organization
+* Modify the source code
+* Experiment, test, and evaluate the software
+* Distribute unmodified copies of the source code for evaluation
+
+You may not:
+
+Provide the Licensed Work to third parties as a managed service, hosted service, software-as-a-service (SaaS), platform service, or any similar commercial offering where the primary value of the service derives from the Licensed Work.
+
+You may not sell the Licensed Work or offer paid services primarily based on the Licensed Work without a commercial license from M/S Omukk.
+
+Commercial licenses may be obtained by contacting:
+
+[contact@omukk.dev](mailto:contact@omukk.dev)
+
+---
+
+Contributions
+
+Unless otherwise stated, any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Licensed Work shall be licensed under the terms of this Business Source License 1.1.
+
+---
+
+Business Source License Terms
+
+Use of the Licensed Work is governed by the Business Source License included in this file.
+
+The Business Source License is not an Open Source license. However, the Licensed Work will automatically become available under the Change License on the Change Date.
+
+Licensor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license to use, copy, modify, create derivative works, redistribute, and make non-production use of the Licensed Work, provided that you comply with the limitations stated in this License.
+
+All copies of the Licensed Work must include this License file.
+
+Any use of the Licensed Work in violation of this License will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+
+---
+
+Disclaimer of Warranty
+
+THE LICENSED WORK IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+
+---
+
+Limitation of Liability
+
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LICENSOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES, OR OTHER LIABILITY ARISING FROM THE USE OF THE LICENSED WORK.
+
+---
+
+Third-Party Components
+
+Portions of this project include software licensed under separate open-source licenses.
+
+See the NOTICE file and THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES directory for details.

Makefile

@@ -21,17 +21,17 @@ build-agent:
 
 build-envd:
 	cd $(ENVD_DIR) && CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 \
-		go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o ../$(GOBIN)/envd .
+		go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(GOBIN)/envd .
 	@file $(GOBIN)/envd | grep -q "statically linked" || \
 		(echo "ERROR: envd is not statically linked!" && exit 1)
 
 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
 #  Development
 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
-.PHONY: dev dev-cp dev-agent dev-envd dev-infra dev-down dev-seed
+.PHONY: dev dev-cp dev-agent dev-envd dev-infra dev-down
 
 ## One command to start everything for local dev
-dev: dev-infra migrate-up dev-seed dev-cp
+dev: dev-infra migrate-up dev-cp
 
 dev-infra:
 	docker compose -f deploy/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ dev-agent:
 dev-envd:
 	cd $(ENVD_DIR) && go run . --debug --listen-tcp :3002
 
-dev-seed:
-	go run ./scripts/seed.go
 
 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
 #  Database (goose)
@@ -84,16 +82,12 @@ migrate-reset:
 generate: proto sqlc
 
 proto:
-	protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative \
+	cd proto/envd && buf generate
-		--go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \
+	cd proto/hostagent && buf generate
-		proto/hostagent/hostagent.proto
+	cd $(ENVD_DIR)/spec && buf generate
-	protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative \
-		--go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \
-		proto/envd/process.proto proto/envd/filesystem.proto
 
 sqlc:
-	@if command -v sqlc > /dev/null; then sqlc generate; \
+	sqlc generate
-	else echo "sqlc not installed, skipping"; fi
 
 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
 #  Quality & Testing

NOTICE

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Wrenn Sandbox
+Copyright (c) 2026 M/S Omukk, Bangladesh
+
+This project includes software derived from the following project:
+
+Project: e2b infra
+Repository: https://github.com/e2b-dev/infra
+
+The following files and directories in this repository contain code derived from the above project and are licensed under the Apache License Version 2.0:
+
+- envd/
+- proto/envd/*.proto
+- internal/snapshot/
+- internal/uffd/
+
+Modifications to this code were made by M/S Omukk.
+
+Copyright (c) 2023 FoundryLabs, Inc.
+Modifications Copyright (c) 2026 M/S Omukk, Bangladesh

README.md

@@ -2,211 +2,128 @@
 
 MicroVM-based code execution platform. Firecracker VMs, not containers. Pool-based pricing, persistent sandboxes, Python/TS/Go SDKs.
 
-## Stack
+## Deployment
 
-| Component | Tech |
+### Prerequisites
-|---|---|
-| Control plane | Go, chi, pgx, goose, htmx |
-| Host agent | Go, Firecracker Go SDK, vsock |
-| Guest agent (envd) | Go (extracted from E2B, standalone binary) |
-| Database | PostgreSQL |
-| Cache | Redis |
-| Billing | Lago (external) |
-| Snapshot storage | S3 (Seaweedfs for dev) |
-| Monitoring | Prometheus + Grafana |
-| Admin UI | htmx + Go html/template |
 
-## Architecture
+- Linux host with `/dev/kvm` access (bare metal or nested virt)
+- Firecracker binary at `/usr/local/bin/firecracker`
+- PostgreSQL
+- Go 1.25+
 
-```
+### Build
-SDK → HTTPS → Control Plane → gRPC → Host Agent → vsock → envd (inside VM)
-                  │                      │
-                  ├── PostgreSQL          ├── Firecracker
-                  ├── Redis               ├── TAP/NAT networking
-                  └── Lago (billing)      ├── CoW rootfs clones
-                                          └── Prometheus /metrics
-```
-
-Control plane is stateless (state in Postgres + Redis). Host agent is stateful (manages VMs on the local machine). envd is a static binary baked into rootfs images — separate Go module, separate build, never imported by anything.
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-- Linux with `/dev/kvm` (bare metal or nested virt)
-- Go 1.22+
-- Docker (for dev infra)
-- Firecracker + jailer installed at `/usr/local/bin/`
-- `protoc` + Go plugins for proto generation
 
 ```bash
-# Firecracker
+make build    # outputs to builds/
-ARCH=$(uname -m) VERSION="v1.6.0"
-curl -L "https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases/download/${VERSION}/firecracker-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.tgz" | tar xz
-sudo mv release-*/firecracker-* /usr/local/bin/firecracker
-sudo mv release-*/jailer-* /usr/local/bin/jailer
-
-# Go tools
-go install github.com/pressly/goose/v3/cmd/goose@latest
-go install google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@latest
-go install google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@latest
-go install github.com/air-verse/air@latest
-go install github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl/cmd/grpcurl@latest
-
-# KVM
-ls /dev/kvm && sudo setfacl -m u:${USER}:rw /dev/kvm
 ```
 
-## Quick Start
+Produces three binaries: `wrenn-cp` (control plane), `wrenn-agent` (host agent), `envd` (guest agent).
+
+### Host setup
+
+The host agent machine needs:
 
 ```bash
-cp .env.example .env
+# Kernel for guest VMs
-make tidy
+mkdir -p /var/lib/wrenn/kernels
-make dev-infra                # Postgres, Redis, Prometheus, Grafana
+# Place a vmlinux kernel at /var/lib/wrenn/kernels/vmlinux
+
+# Rootfs images
+mkdir -p /var/lib/wrenn/images
+# Build or place .ext4 rootfs images (e.g., minimal.ext4)
+
+# Sandbox working directory
+mkdir -p /var/lib/wrenn/sandboxes
+
+# Snapshots directory
+mkdir -p /var/lib/wrenn/snapshots
+
+# Enable IP forwarding
+sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
+```
+
+### Configure
+
+Copy `.env.example` to `.env` and edit:
+
+```bash
+# Required
+DATABASE_URL=postgres://wrenn:wrenn@localhost:5432/wrenn?sslmode=disable
+
+# Control plane
+CP_LISTEN_ADDR=:8000
+CP_HOST_AGENT_ADDR=http://localhost:50051
+
+# Host agent
+AGENT_LISTEN_ADDR=:50051
+AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR=/var/lib/wrenn
+```
+
+### Run
+
+```bash
+# Apply database migrations
 make migrate-up
-make dev-seed
 
-# Terminal 1
+# Start control plane
-make dev-cp                   # :8000
+./builds/wrenn-cp
-
-# Terminal 2
-make dev-agent                # :50051 (sudo)
 ```
 
-- API: `http://localhost:8000/v1/sandboxes`
+Control plane listens on `CP_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8000`).
-- Admin: `http://localhost:8000/admin/`
-- Grafana: `http://localhost:3001` (admin/admin)
-- Prometheus: `http://localhost:9090`
 
-## Layout
+### Host registration
 
-```
+Hosts must be registered with the control plane before they can serve sandboxes.
-cmd/
-  control-plane/              REST API + admin UI + gRPC client + lifecycle manager
-  host-agent/                 gRPC server + Firecracker + networking + metrics
 
-envd/                         standalone Go module — separate go.mod, static binary
+1. **Create a host record** (via API or admin UI):
-                              extracted from e2b-dev/infra, talks gRPC over vsock
+   ```bash
+   # As an admin (JWT auth)
+   curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/v1/hosts \
+     -H "Authorization: Bearer $JWT_TOKEN" \
+     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+     -d '{"type": "regular"}'
+   ```
+   This returns a `registration_token` (valid for 1 hour).
 
-proto/
+2. **Start the host agent** with the registration token and its externally-reachable address:
-  hostagent/                  control plane ↔ host agent
+   ```bash
-  envd/                       host agent ↔ guest agent (from E2B spec/)
+   sudo AGENT_CP_URL=http://cp-host:8000 \
+        ./builds/wrenn-agent \
+        --register <token-from-step-1> \
+        --address 10.0.1.5:50051
+   ```
+   On first startup the agent sends its specs (arch, CPU, memory, disk) to the control plane, receives a long-lived host JWT, and saves it to `$AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR/host-token`.
 
-internal/
+3. **Subsequent startups** don't need `--register` — the agent loads the saved JWT automatically:
-  api/                        chi handlers
+   ```bash
-  admin/                      htmx + Go templates
+   sudo AGENT_CP_URL=http://cp-host:8000 \
-  auth/                       API key + rate limiting
+        ./builds/wrenn-agent --address 10.0.1.5:50051
-  scheduler/                  SingleHost → LeastLoaded
+   ```
-  lifecycle/                  auto-pause, auto-hibernate, auto-destroy
-  vm/                         Firecracker config, boot, stop, jailer
-  network/                    TAP, NAT, IP allocator (/30 subnets)
-  filesystem/                 base images, CoW clones (cp --reflink)
-  envdclient/                 vsock dialer + gRPC client to envd
-  snapshot/                   pause/resume + S3 offload
-  metrics/                    cgroup stats + Prometheus exporter
-  models/                     Sandbox, Host structs
-  config/                     env + YAML loading
-  id/                         sb-xxxxxxxx generation
 
-db/migrations/                goose SQL (00001_initial.sql, ...)
+4. **If registration fails** (e.g., network error after token was consumed), regenerate a token:
-db/queries/                   raw SQL or sqlc
+   ```bash
+   curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/v1/hosts/$HOST_ID/token \
+     -H "Authorization: Bearer $JWT_TOKEN"
+   ```
+   Then restart the agent with the new token.
 
-images/templates/             rootfs build scripts (minimal, python311, node20)
+The agent sends heartbeats to the control plane every 30 seconds. Host agent listens on `AGENT_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:50051`).
-sdk/                          Python, TypeScript, Go client SDKs
-deploy/                       systemd units, ansible, docker-compose.dev.yml
-```
 
-## Commands
+### Rootfs images
+
+envd must be baked into every rootfs image. After building:
 
 ```bash
-# Dev
+make build-envd
-make dev                      # everything: infra + migrate + seed + control plane
+bash scripts/update-debug-rootfs.sh /var/lib/wrenn/images/minimal.ext4
-make dev-infra                # just Postgres/Redis/Prometheus/Grafana
+```
-make dev-down                 # tear down
-make dev-cp                   # control plane (hot reload with air)
-make dev-agent                # host agent (sudo)
-make dev-envd                 # envd in TCP debug mode (no Firecracker)
-make dev-seed                 # test API key + data
 
-# Build
+## Development
-make build                    # all → bin/
-make build-envd               # static binary, verified
 
-# DB
+```bash
-make migrate-up
+make dev          # Start PostgreSQL (Docker), run migrations, start control plane
-make migrate-down
+make dev-agent    # Start host agent (separate terminal, sudo)
-make migrate-create name=xxx
-make migrate-reset            # drop + re-apply
-
-# Codegen
-make generate                 # proto + sqlc
-make proto
-
-# Quality
 make check        # fmt + vet + lint + test
-make test                     # unit
-make test-all                 # unit + integration
-make tidy                     # go mod tidy (both modules)
-
-# Images
-make images                   # all rootfs (needs sudo + envd)
-
-# Deploy
-make setup-host               # one-time KVM/networking setup
-make install                  # binaries + systemd
 ```
 
-## Database
+See `CLAUDE.md` for full architecture documentation.
-
-Postgres via pgx. No ORM. Migrations via goose (plain SQL).
-
-Tables: `sandboxes`, `hosts`, `audit_events`, `api_keys`.
-
-States: `pending → starting → running → paused → hibernated → stopped`. Any → `error`.
-
-## envd
-
-From [e2b-dev/infra](https://github.com/e2b-dev/infra) (Apache 2.0). PID 1 inside every VM. Exposes ProcessService + FilesystemService over gRPC on vsock.
-
-Own `go.mod`. Must be `CGO_ENABLED=0`. Baked into rootfs at `/usr/local/bin/envd`. Kernel args: `init=/usr/local/bin/envd`.
-
-Host agent connects via Firecracker vsock UDS using `CONNECT <port>\n` handshake.
-
-## Networking
-
-Each sandbox: `/30` from `10.0.0.0/16` (~16K per host).
-
-```
-Host: tap-sb-a1b2c3d4 (10.0.0.1/30) ↔ Guest eth0 (10.0.0.2/30)
-NAT: iptables MASQUERADE via host internet interface
-```
-
-## Snapshots
-
-- **Warm pause**: Firecracker snapshot on local NVMe. Resume <1s.
-- **Cold hibernate**: zstd compressed, uploaded to S3/MinIO. Resume 5-10s.
-
-## API
-
-```
-POST   /v1/sandboxes                 create
-GET    /v1/sandboxes                 list
-GET    /v1/sandboxes/{id}            status
-POST   /v1/sandboxes/{id}/exec       exec
-PUT    /v1/sandboxes/{id}/files      upload
-GET    /v1/sandboxes/{id}/files/*    download
-POST   /v1/sandboxes/{id}/pause      pause
-POST   /v1/sandboxes/{id}/resume     resume
-DELETE /v1/sandboxes/{id}            destroy
-WS     /v1/sandboxes/{id}/terminal   shell
-```
-
-Auth: `X-API-Key` header. Prefix: `wrn_`.
-
-## Phases
-
-1. Boot VM + exec via vsock (W1)
-2. Host agent + networking (W2)
-3. Control plane + DB + REST (W3)
-4. Admin UI / htmx (W4)
-5. Pause / hibernate / resume (W5)
-6. SDKs (W6)
-7. Jailer, cgroups, egress, metrics (W7-8)

cmd/control-plane/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool"
+	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/api"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/auth/oauth"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/config"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/db"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/proto/hostagent/gen/hostagentv1connect"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	slog.SetDefault(slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stderr, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+		Level: slog.LevelDebug,
+	})))
+
+	cfg := config.Load()
+
+	if len(cfg.JWTSecret) < 32 {
+		slog.Error("JWT_SECRET must be at least 32 characters")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// Database connection pool.
+	pool, err := pgxpool.New(ctx, cfg.DatabaseURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to connect to database", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	defer pool.Close()
+
+	if err := pool.Ping(ctx); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to ping database", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	slog.Info("connected to database")
+
+	queries := db.New(pool)
+
+	// Redis client.
+	redisOpts, err := redis.ParseURL(cfg.RedisURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to parse REDIS_URL", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	rdb := redis.NewClient(redisOpts)
+	defer rdb.Close()
+
+	if err := rdb.Ping(ctx).Err(); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to ping redis", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	slog.Info("connected to redis")
+
+	// Connect RPC client for the host agent.
+	agentHTTP := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Minute}
+	agentClient := hostagentv1connect.NewHostAgentServiceClient(
+		agentHTTP,
+		cfg.HostAgentAddr,
+	)
+
+	// OAuth provider registry.
+	oauthRegistry := oauth.NewRegistry()
+	if cfg.OAuthGitHubClientID != "" && cfg.OAuthGitHubClientSecret != "" {
+		if cfg.CPPublicURL == "" {
+			slog.Error("CP_PUBLIC_URL must be set when OAuth providers are configured")
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+		callbackURL := strings.TrimRight(cfg.CPPublicURL, "/") + "/v1/auth/oauth/github/callback"
+		ghProvider := oauth.NewGitHubProvider(cfg.OAuthGitHubClientID, cfg.OAuthGitHubClientSecret, callbackURL)
+		oauthRegistry.Register(ghProvider)
+		slog.Info("registered OAuth provider", "provider", "github")
+	}
+
+	// API server.
+	srv := api.New(queries, agentClient, pool, rdb, []byte(cfg.JWTSecret), oauthRegistry, cfg.OAuthRedirectURL)
+
+	// Start reconciler.
+	reconciler := api.NewReconciler(queries, agentClient, "default", 5*time.Second)
+	reconciler.Start(ctx)
+
+	httpServer := &http.Server{
+		Addr:    cfg.ListenAddr,
+		Handler: srv.Handler(),
+	}
+
+	// Graceful shutdown on signal.
+	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	go func() {
+		sig := <-sigCh
+		slog.Info("received signal, shutting down", "signal", sig)
+		cancel()
+
+		shutdownCtx, shutdownCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+		defer shutdownCancel()
+
+		if err := httpServer.Shutdown(shutdownCtx); err != nil {
+			slog.Error("http server shutdown error", "error", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	slog.Info("control plane starting", "addr", cfg.ListenAddr, "agent", cfg.HostAgentAddr)
+	if err := httpServer.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+		slog.Error("http server error", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("control plane stopped")
+}

cmd/host-agent/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"flag"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/devicemapper"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/hostagent"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/internal/sandbox"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/proto/hostagent/gen/hostagentv1connect"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	registrationToken := flag.String("register", "", "One-time registration token from the control plane")
+	advertiseAddr := flag.String("address", "", "Externally-reachable address (ip:port) for this host agent")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	slog.SetDefault(slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stderr, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+		Level: slog.LevelDebug,
+	})))
+
+	if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
+		slog.Error("host agent must run as root")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	// Enable IP forwarding (required for NAT).
+	if err := os.WriteFile("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", []byte("1"), 0644); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("failed to enable ip_forward", "error", err)
+	}
+
+	// Clean up any stale dm-snapshot devices from a previous crash.
+	devicemapper.CleanupStaleDevices()
+
+	listenAddr := envOrDefault("AGENT_LISTEN_ADDR", ":50051")
+	rootDir := envOrDefault("AGENT_FILES_ROOTDIR", "/var/lib/wrenn")
+	cpURL := os.Getenv("AGENT_CP_URL")
+	tokenFile := filepath.Join(rootDir, "host-token")
+
+	cfg := sandbox.Config{
+		KernelPath:   filepath.Join(rootDir, "kernels", "vmlinux"),
+		ImagesDir:    filepath.Join(rootDir, "images"),
+		SandboxesDir: filepath.Join(rootDir, "sandboxes"),
+		SnapshotsDir: filepath.Join(rootDir, "snapshots"),
+	}
+
+	mgr := sandbox.New(cfg)
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	mgr.StartTTLReaper(ctx)
+
+	if *advertiseAddr == "" {
+		slog.Error("--address flag is required (externally-reachable ip:port)")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	// Register with the control plane (if configured).
+	if cpURL != "" {
+		hostToken, err := hostagent.Register(ctx, hostagent.RegistrationConfig{
+			CPURL:             cpURL,
+			RegistrationToken: *registrationToken,
+			TokenFile:         tokenFile,
+			Address:           *advertiseAddr,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("host registration failed", "error", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+
+		hostID, err := hostagent.HostIDFromToken(hostToken)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to extract host ID from token", "error", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+
+		slog.Info("host registered", "host_id", hostID)
+		hostagent.StartHeartbeat(ctx, cpURL, hostID, hostToken, 30*time.Second)
+	}
+
+	srv := hostagent.NewServer(mgr)
+	path, handler := hostagentv1connect.NewHostAgentServiceHandler(srv)
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.Handle(path, handler)
+
+	httpServer := &http.Server{
+		Addr:    listenAddr,
+		Handler: mux,
+	}
+
+	// Graceful shutdown on signal.
+	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	go func() {
+		sig := <-sigCh
+		slog.Info("received signal, shutting down", "signal", sig)
+		cancel()
+
+		shutdownCtx, shutdownCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+		defer shutdownCancel()
+
+		mgr.Shutdown(shutdownCtx)
+
+		if err := httpServer.Shutdown(shutdownCtx); err != nil {
+			slog.Error("http server shutdown error", "error", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	slog.Info("host agent starting", "addr", listenAddr)
+	if err := httpServer.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+		slog.Error("http server error", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("host agent stopped")
+}
+
+func envOrDefault(key, def string) string {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		return v
+	}
+	return def
+}

db/migrations/20260310094104_initial.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+CREATE TABLE sandboxes (
+    id              TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    owner_id        TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    host_id         TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'default',
+    template        TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'minimal',
+    status          TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
+    vcpus           INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    memory_mb       INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 512,
+    timeout_sec     INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    guest_ip        TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    host_ip         TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    created_at      TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    started_at      TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    last_active_at  TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    last_updated    TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_sandboxes_status ON sandboxes(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_sandboxes_host_status ON sandboxes(host_id, status);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE sandboxes;

db/migrations/20260311224925_snapshots.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+CREATE TABLE templates (
+    name         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    type         TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'base',        -- 'base' or 'snapshot'
+    vcpus        INTEGER,
+    memory_mb    INTEGER,
+    size_bytes   BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    created_at   TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE templates;

db/migrations/20260313210608_auth.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id            TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    email         TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    password_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at    TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    updated_at    TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE teams (
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    name       TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE users_teams (
+    user_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    team_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES teams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    is_default BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE,
+    role       TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'owner',
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    PRIMARY KEY (team_id, user_id)
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_teams_user ON users_teams(user_id);
+
+CREATE TABLE team_api_keys (
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    team_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES teams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    name       TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    key_hash   TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    key_prefix TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    created_by TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    last_used  TIMESTAMPTZ
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_team_api_keys_team ON team_api_keys(team_id);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE team_api_keys;
+DROP TABLE users_teams;
+DROP TABLE teams;
+DROP TABLE users;

db/migrations/20260313210611_team_ownership.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+ALTER TABLE sandboxes
+    ADD COLUMN team_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '';
+
+UPDATE sandboxes SET team_id = owner_id WHERE owner_id != '';
+
+ALTER TABLE sandboxes
+    DROP COLUMN owner_id;
+
+ALTER TABLE templates
+    ADD COLUMN team_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '';
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_sandboxes_team ON sandboxes(team_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_templates_team ON templates(team_id);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+ALTER TABLE sandboxes
+    ADD COLUMN owner_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '';
+
+UPDATE sandboxes SET owner_id = team_id WHERE team_id != '';
+
+ALTER TABLE sandboxes
+    DROP COLUMN team_id;
+
+ALTER TABLE templates
+    DROP COLUMN team_id;
+
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_sandboxes_team;
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_templates_team;

db/migrations/20260315001514_oauth.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+ALTER TABLE users
+    ALTER COLUMN password_hash DROP NOT NULL;
+
+CREATE TABLE oauth_providers (
+    provider    TEXT NOT NULL,
+    provider_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_id     TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    email       TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at  TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    PRIMARY KEY (provider, provider_id)
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_oauth_providers_user ON oauth_providers(user_id);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE oauth_providers;
+
+UPDATE users SET password_hash = '' WHERE password_hash IS NULL;
+ALTER TABLE users ALTER COLUMN password_hash SET NOT NULL;

db/migrations/20260316203135_admin_users.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+ALTER TABLE users
+    ADD COLUMN is_admin BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+
+CREATE TABLE admin_permissions (
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    permission TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    UNIQUE (user_id, permission)
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_admin_permissions_user ON admin_permissions(user_id);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE admin_permissions;
+
+ALTER TABLE users
+    DROP COLUMN is_admin;

db/migrations/20260316203138_byoc_teams.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+ALTER TABLE teams
+    ADD COLUMN is_byoc BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+ALTER TABLE teams
+    DROP COLUMN is_byoc;

db/migrations/20260316203142_hosts.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+CREATE TABLE hosts (
+    id                TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    type              TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'regular',  -- 'regular' or 'byoc'
+    team_id           TEXT REFERENCES teams(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    provider          TEXT,
+    availability_zone TEXT,
+    arch              TEXT,
+    cpu_cores         INTEGER,
+    memory_mb         INTEGER,
+    disk_gb           INTEGER,
+    address           TEXT,                             -- ip:port of host agent
+    status            TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',  -- 'pending', 'online', 'offline', 'draining'
+    last_heartbeat_at TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    metadata          JSONB NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
+    created_by        TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
+    created_at        TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    updated_at        TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE host_tokens (
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    host_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES hosts(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    created_by TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    expires_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    used_at    TIMESTAMPTZ
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE host_tags (
+    host_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES hosts(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    tag     TEXT NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (host_id, tag)
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_hosts_type ON hosts(type);
+CREATE INDEX idx_hosts_team ON hosts(team_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_hosts_status ON hosts(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_host_tokens_host ON host_tokens(host_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_host_tags_tag ON host_tags(tag);
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+DROP TABLE host_tags;
+DROP TABLE host_tokens;
+DROP TABLE hosts;

db/migrations/20260316223629_host_mtls.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+-- +goose Up
+
+ALTER TABLE hosts
+    ADD COLUMN cert_fingerprint TEXT,
+    ADD COLUMN mtls_enabled     BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+
+-- +goose Down
+
+ALTER TABLE hosts
+    DROP COLUMN cert_fingerprint,
+    DROP COLUMN mtls_enabled;

db/queries/api_keys.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+-- name: InsertAPIKey :one
+INSERT INTO team_api_keys (id, team_id, name, key_hash, key_prefix, created_by)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetAPIKeyByHash :one
+SELECT * FROM team_api_keys WHERE key_hash = $1;
+
+-- name: ListAPIKeysByTeam :many
+SELECT * FROM team_api_keys WHERE team_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: DeleteAPIKey :exec
+DELETE FROM team_api_keys WHERE id = $1 AND team_id = $2;
+
+-- name: UpdateAPIKeyLastUsed :exec
+UPDATE team_api_keys SET last_used = NOW() WHERE id = $1;

db/queries/hosts.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+-- name: InsertHost :one
+INSERT INTO hosts (id, type, team_id, provider, availability_zone, created_by)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetHost :one
+SELECT * FROM hosts WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListHosts :many
+SELECT * FROM hosts ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListHostsByType :many
+SELECT * FROM hosts WHERE type = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListHostsByTeam :many
+SELECT * FROM hosts WHERE team_id = $1 AND type = 'byoc' ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListHostsByStatus :many
+SELECT * FROM hosts WHERE status = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: RegisterHost :execrows
+UPDATE hosts
+SET arch = $2,
+    cpu_cores = $3,
+    memory_mb = $4,
+    disk_gb = $5,
+    address = $6,
+    status = 'online',
+    last_heartbeat_at = NOW(),
+    updated_at = NOW()
+WHERE id = $1 AND status = 'pending';
+
+-- name: UpdateHostStatus :exec
+UPDATE hosts SET status = $2, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: UpdateHostHeartbeat :exec
+UPDATE hosts SET last_heartbeat_at = NOW(), updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: DeleteHost :exec
+DELETE FROM hosts WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: AddHostTag :exec
+INSERT INTO host_tags (host_id, tag) VALUES ($1, $2) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING;
+
+-- name: RemoveHostTag :exec
+DELETE FROM host_tags WHERE host_id = $1 AND tag = $2;
+
+-- name: GetHostTags :many
+SELECT tag FROM host_tags WHERE host_id = $1 ORDER BY tag;
+
+-- name: ListHostsByTag :many
+SELECT h.* FROM hosts h
+JOIN host_tags ht ON ht.host_id = h.id
+WHERE ht.tag = $1
+ORDER BY h.created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: InsertHostToken :one
+INSERT INTO host_tokens (id, host_id, created_by, expires_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: MarkHostTokenUsed :exec
+UPDATE host_tokens SET used_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetHostTokensByHost :many
+SELECT * FROM host_tokens WHERE host_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: GetHostByTeam :one
+SELECT * FROM hosts WHERE id = $1 AND team_id = $2;

db/queries/oauth.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+-- name: InsertOAuthProvider :exec
+INSERT INTO oauth_providers (provider, provider_id, user_id, email)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+
+-- name: GetOAuthProvider :one
+SELECT * FROM oauth_providers
+WHERE provider = $1 AND provider_id = $2;

db/queries/sandboxes.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-- name: InsertSandbox :one
+INSERT INTO sandboxes (id, team_id, host_id, template, status, vcpus, memory_mb, timeout_sec)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetSandbox :one
+SELECT * FROM sandboxes WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetSandboxByTeam :one
+SELECT * FROM sandboxes WHERE id = $1 AND team_id = $2;
+
+-- name: ListSandboxes :many
+SELECT * FROM sandboxes ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListSandboxesByTeam :many
+SELECT * FROM sandboxes WHERE team_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListSandboxesByHostAndStatus :many
+SELECT * FROM sandboxes
+WHERE host_id = $1 AND status = ANY($2::text[])
+ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: UpdateSandboxRunning :one
+UPDATE sandboxes
+SET status = 'running',
+    host_ip = $2,
+    guest_ip = $3,
+    started_at = $4,
+    last_active_at = $4,
+    last_updated = NOW()
+WHERE id = $1
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: UpdateSandboxStatus :one
+UPDATE sandboxes
+SET status = $2,
+    last_updated = NOW()
+WHERE id = $1
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: UpdateLastActive :exec
+UPDATE sandboxes
+SET last_active_at = $2,
+    last_updated = NOW()
+WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: BulkUpdateStatusByIDs :exec
+UPDATE sandboxes
+SET status = $2,
+    last_updated = NOW()
+WHERE id = ANY($1::text[]);

db/queries/teams.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+-- name: InsertTeam :one
+INSERT INTO teams (id, name)
+VALUES ($1, $2)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetTeam :one
+SELECT * FROM teams WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: InsertTeamMember :exec
+INSERT INTO users_teams (user_id, team_id, is_default, role)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+
+-- name: GetDefaultTeamForUser :one
+SELECT t.* FROM teams t
+JOIN users_teams ut ON ut.team_id = t.id
+WHERE ut.user_id = $1 AND ut.is_default = TRUE
+LIMIT 1;
+
+-- name: SetTeamBYOC :exec
+UPDATE teams SET is_byoc = $2 WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetBYOCTeams :many
+SELECT * FROM teams WHERE is_byoc = TRUE ORDER BY created_at;
+
+-- name: GetTeamMembership :one
+SELECT * FROM users_teams WHERE user_id = $1 AND team_id = $2;

db/queries/templates.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-- name: InsertTemplate :one
+INSERT INTO templates (name, type, vcpus, memory_mb, size_bytes, team_id)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetTemplate :one
+SELECT * FROM templates WHERE name = $1;
+
+-- name: GetTemplateByTeam :one
+SELECT * FROM templates WHERE name = $1 AND team_id = $2;
+
+-- name: ListTemplates :many
+SELECT * FROM templates ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListTemplatesByType :many
+SELECT * FROM templates WHERE type = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListTemplatesByTeam :many
+SELECT * FROM templates WHERE team_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: ListTemplatesByTeamAndType :many
+SELECT * FROM templates WHERE team_id = $1 AND type = $2 ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: DeleteTemplate :exec
+DELETE FROM templates WHERE name = $1;
+
+-- name: DeleteTemplateByTeam :exec
+DELETE FROM templates WHERE name = $1 AND team_id = $2;

db/queries/users.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+-- name: InsertUser :one
+INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetUserByEmail :one
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = $1;
+
+-- name: GetUserByID :one
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: InsertUserOAuth :one
+INSERT INTO users (id, email)
+VALUES ($1, $2)
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: SetUserAdmin :exec
+UPDATE users SET is_admin = $2, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetAdminUsers :many
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE is_admin = TRUE ORDER BY created_at;
+
+-- name: InsertAdminPermission :exec
+INSERT INTO admin_permissions (id, user_id, permission)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3);
+
+-- name: DeleteAdminPermission :exec
+DELETE FROM admin_permissions WHERE user_id = $1 AND permission = $2;
+
+-- name: GetAdminPermissions :many
+SELECT * FROM admin_permissions WHERE user_id = $1 ORDER BY permission;
+
+-- name: HasAdminPermission :one
+SELECT EXISTS(
+    SELECT 1 FROM admin_permissions WHERE user_id = $1 AND permission = $2
+) AS has_permission;

deploy/docker-compose.dev.yml

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ services:
     volumes:
       - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
 
+  redis:
+    image: redis:7-alpine
+    ports:
+      - "6379:6379"
+
   prometheus:
     image: prom/prometheus:latest
     ports:

envd/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
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+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
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+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
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+
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+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
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+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
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+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
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+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
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+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
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+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
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+
+   Copyright 2023 FoundryLabs, Inc.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

envd/Makefile

@@ -1,17 +1,62 @@
-LDFLAGS := -s -w
+BUILD     := $(shell git rev-parse --short HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+LDFLAGS   := -s -w -X=main.commitSHA=$(BUILD)
+BUILDS    := ../builds
 
-.PHONY: build clean fmt vet
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#  Build
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+.PHONY: build build-debug
 
 build:
-	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o envd .
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILDS)/envd .
-	@file envd | grep -q "statically linked" || \
+	@file $(BUILDS)/envd | grep -q "statically linked" || \
 		(echo "ERROR: envd is not statically linked!" && exit 1)
 
-clean:
+build-debug:
-	rm -f envd
+	CGO_ENABLED=1 go build -race -gcflags=all="-N -l" -ldflags="-X=main.commitSHA=$(BUILD)" -o $(BUILDS)/debug/envd .
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#  Run (debug mode, not inside a VM)
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+.PHONY: run-debug
+
+run-debug: build-debug
+	$(BUILDS)/debug/envd -isnotfc -port 49983
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#  Code Generation
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+.PHONY: generate proto openapi
+
+generate: proto openapi
+
+proto:
+	cd spec && buf generate --template buf.gen.yaml
+
+openapi:
+	go generate ./internal/api/...
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#  Quality
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+.PHONY: fmt vet test tidy
 
 fmt:
 	gofmt -w .
 
 vet:
 	go vet ./...
+
+test:
+	go test -race -v ./...
+
+tidy:
+	go mod tidy
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#  Clean
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
+.PHONY: clean
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(BUILDS)/envd $(BUILDS)/debug/envd

envd/go.mod

@@ -1,9 +1,42 @@
-module github.com/wrenn-dev/envd
+module git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd
 
-go 1.23.0
+go 1.25.5
 
 require (
-	github.com/mdlayher/vsock v1.2.1
+	connectrpc.com/authn v0.1.0
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.71.0
+	connectrpc.com/connect v1.19.1
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5
+	connectrpc.com/cors v0.1.0
+	github.com/awnumar/memguard v0.23.0
+	github.com/creack/pty v1.1.24
+	github.com/dchest/uniuri v1.2.0
+	github.com/e2b-dev/fsnotify v0.0.1
+	github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.5
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
+	github.com/oapi-codegen/runtime v1.2.0
+	github.com/orcaman/concurrent-map/v2 v2.0.1
+	github.com/rs/cors v1.11.1
+	github.com/rs/zerolog v1.34.0
+	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.26.2
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	github.com/txn2/txeh v1.8.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/apapsch/go-jsonmerge/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/awnumar/memcall v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.6 // indirect
+	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20240221224432-82ca36839d55 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.16 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )

envd/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+connectrpc.com/authn v0.1.0 h1:m5weACjLWwgwcjttvUDyTPICJKw74+p2obBVrf8hT9E=
+connectrpc.com/authn v0.1.0/go.mod h1:AwNZK/KYbqaJzRYadTuAaoz6sYQSPdORPqh1TOPIkgY=
+connectrpc.com/connect v1.19.1 h1:R5M57z05+90EfEvCY1b7hBxDVOUl45PrtXtAV2fOC14=
+connectrpc.com/connect v1.19.1/go.mod h1:tN20fjdGlewnSFeZxLKb0xwIZ6ozc3OQs2hTXy4du9w=
+connectrpc.com/cors v0.1.0 h1:f3gTXJyDZPrDIZCQ567jxfD9PAIpopHiRDnJRt3QuOQ=
+connectrpc.com/cors v0.1.0/go.mod h1:v8SJZCPfHtGH1zsm+Ttajpozd4cYIUryl4dFB6QEpfg=
+github.com/RaveNoX/go-jsoncommentstrip v1.0.0/go.mod h1:78ihd09MekBnJnxpICcwzCMzGrKSKYe4AqU6PDYYpjk=
+github.com/apapsch/go-jsonmerge/v2 v2.0.0 h1:axGnT1gRIfimI7gJifB699GoE/oq+F2MU7Dml6nw9rQ=
+github.com/apapsch/go-jsonmerge/v2 v2.0.0/go.mod h1:lvDnEdqiQrp0O42VQGgmlKpxL1AP2+08jFMw88y4klk=
+github.com/awnumar/memcall v0.4.0 h1:B7hgZYdfH6Ot1Goaz8jGne/7i8xD4taZie/PNSFZ29g=
+github.com/awnumar/memcall v0.4.0/go.mod h1:8xOx1YbfyuCg3Fy6TO8DK0kZUua3V42/goA5Ru47E8w=
+github.com/awnumar/memguard v0.23.0 h1:sJ3a1/SWlcuKIQ7MV+R9p0Pvo9CWsMbGZvcZQtmc68A=
+github.com/awnumar/memguard v0.23.0/go.mod h1:olVofBrsPdITtJ2HgxQKrEYEMyIBAIciVG4wNnZhW9M=
+github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar v1.1.1/go.mod h1:UD6OnuiIn0yFxxA2le/rnRU1G4RaI4UvFv1sNto9p6w=
+github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0/go.mod h1:Y58oyj3AT4RCenI/lSvhwexgC+NSVTIJ3seZv2GcEnc=
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.24 h1:bJrF4RRfyJnbTJqzRLHzcGaZK1NeM5kTC9jGgovnR1s=
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.24/go.mod h1:08sCNb52WyoAwi2QDyzUCTgcvVFhUzewun7wtTfvcwE=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/dchest/uniuri v1.2.0 h1:koIcOUdrTIivZgSLhHQvKgqdWZq5d7KdMEWF1Ud6+5g=
+github.com/dchest/uniuri v1.2.0/go.mod h1:fSzm4SLHzNZvWLvWJew423PhAzkpNQYq+uNLq4kxhkY=
+github.com/e2b-dev/fsnotify v0.0.1 h1:7j0I98HD6VehAuK/bcslvW4QDynAULtOuMZtImihjVk=
+github.com/e2b-dev/fsnotify v0.0.1/go.mod h1:jAuDjregRrUixKneTRQwPI847nNuPFg3+n5QM/ku/JM=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.10.0 h1:QIw4xfpWT6GWTzaW5XEKy3HXoqrJGx1ijYHzTF0/ISU=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.10.0/go.mod h1:iIjxzd6CiRiOG0UyXP+V1+jWqUXVjPKLAI0mRfJZTmQ=
+github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.5 h1:Eg4myHZBjyvJmAFjFvWgrqDTXFyOzjj7YIm3L3mu6Ug=
+github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.5/go.mod h1:X7Gx4mteadT3eDOMTsXzmI4/rwUpOwBHLpAfupzFJP0=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.6 h1:/Fpf6oFPoeFik9ty7siob0G6Ke8QvQEuVcuChpwXzpY=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.6/go.mod h1:pprOEPIfldk/42T2oK7lQ4v4JSDwmV0As9GaiUsvbm0=
+github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.6/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 h1:wk8382ETsv4JYUZwIsn6YpYiWiBsYLSJiTsyBybVuN8=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pXiqmnSA92OHEEa9HXL2W4E7lf9JzCmGVUdgjX3N/iU=
+github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 h1:NIvaJDMOsjHA8n1jAhLSgzrAzy1Hgr+hNrb57e+94F0=
+github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
+github.com/juju/gnuflag v0.0.0-20171113085948-2ce1bb71843d/go.mod h1:2PavIy+JPciBPrBUjwbNvtwB6RQlve+hkpll6QSNmOE=
+github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0 h1:6E+4a0GO5zZEnZ81pIr0yLvtUWk2if982qA3F3QD6H4=
+github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0/go.mod h1:zJYVVT2jmtg6P3p1VtQj7WsuWi/y4VnjVBn7F8KPB3I=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 h1:fFA4WZxdEF4tXPZVKMLwD8oUnCTTo08duU7wxecdEvA=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13/go.mod h1:7S9/ev0klgBDR4GtXTXX8a3vIGJpMovkB8vQcUbaXHg=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.16/go.mod h1:kYGgaQfpe5nmfYZH+SKPsOc2e4SrIfOl2e/yFXSvRLM=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
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+github.com/oapi-codegen/runtime v1.2.0 h1:RvKc1CVS1QeKSNzO97FBQbSMZyQ8s6rZd+LpmzwHMP4=
+github.com/oapi-codegen/runtime v1.2.0/go.mod h1:Y7ZhmmlE8ikZOmuHRRndiIm7nf3xcVv+YMweKgG1DT0=
+github.com/orcaman/concurrent-map/v2 v2.0.1 h1:jOJ5Pg2w1oeB6PeDurIYf6k9PQ+aTITr/6lP/L/zp6c=
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+github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1/go.mod h1:bwawxfHBFNV+L2hUp1rHADufV3IMtnDRdf1r5NINEl0=
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+golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0 h1:omrd2nAlyT5ESRdCLYdm3+fMfNFE/+Rf4bDIQImRJeo=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0/go.mod h1:4GL1E5IUh+htKOUEOaiffhrAeqysfVGipDYzABqnCmw=
+golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11 h1:fV6ZwhNocDyBLK0dj+fg8ektcVegBBuEolpbTQyBNVE=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11/go.mod h1:HTf+CrKn2C3g5S8VImy6tdcUvCska2kB7j23XfzDpco=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+pgregory.net/rapid v1.2.0 h1:keKAYRcjm+e1F0oAuU5F5+YPAWcyxNNRK2wud503Gnk=
+pgregory.net/rapid v1.2.0/go.mod h1:PY5XlDGj0+V1FCq0o192FdRhpKHGTRIWBgqjDBTrq04=

envd/internal/api/api.gen.go

@@ -0,0 +1,568 @@
+// Package api provides primitives to interact with the openapi HTTP API.
+//
+// Code generated by github.com/oapi-codegen/oapi-codegen/v2 version v2.5.1 DO NOT EDIT.
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
+	"github.com/oapi-codegen/runtime"
+	openapi_types "github.com/oapi-codegen/runtime/types"
+)
+
+const (
+	AccessTokenAuthScopes = "AccessTokenAuth.Scopes"
+)
+
+// Defines values for EntryInfoType.
+const (
+	File EntryInfoType = "file"
+)
+
+// EntryInfo defines model for EntryInfo.
+type EntryInfo struct {
+	// Name Name of the file
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+
+	// Path Path to the file
+	Path string `json:"path"`
+
+	// Type Type of the file
+	Type EntryInfoType `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// EntryInfoType Type of the file
+type EntryInfoType string
+
+// EnvVars Environment variables to set
+type EnvVars map[string]string
+
+// Error defines model for Error.
+type Error struct {
+	// Code Error code
+	Code int `json:"code"`
+
+	// Message Error message
+	Message string `json:"message"`
+}
+
+// Metrics Resource usage metrics
+type Metrics struct {
+	// CpuCount Number of CPU cores
+	CpuCount *int `json:"cpu_count,omitempty"`
+
+	// CpuUsedPct CPU usage percentage
+	CpuUsedPct *float32 `json:"cpu_used_pct,omitempty"`
+
+	// DiskTotal Total disk space in bytes
+	DiskTotal *int `json:"disk_total,omitempty"`
+
+	// DiskUsed Used disk space in bytes
+	DiskUsed *int `json:"disk_used,omitempty"`
+
+	// MemTotal Total virtual memory in bytes
+	MemTotal *int `json:"mem_total,omitempty"`
+
+	// MemUsed Used virtual memory in bytes
+	MemUsed *int `json:"mem_used,omitempty"`
+
+	// Ts Unix timestamp in UTC for current sandbox time
+	Ts *int64 `json:"ts,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// VolumeMount Volume
+type VolumeMount struct {
+	NfsTarget string `json:"nfs_target"`
+	Path      string `json:"path"`
+}
+
+// FilePath defines model for FilePath.
+type FilePath = string
+
+// Signature defines model for Signature.
+type Signature = string
+
+// SignatureExpiration defines model for SignatureExpiration.
+type SignatureExpiration = int
+
+// User defines model for User.
+type User = string
+
+// FileNotFound defines model for FileNotFound.
+type FileNotFound = Error
+
+// InternalServerError defines model for InternalServerError.
+type InternalServerError = Error
+
+// InvalidPath defines model for InvalidPath.
+type InvalidPath = Error
+
+// InvalidUser defines model for InvalidUser.
+type InvalidUser = Error
+
+// NotEnoughDiskSpace defines model for NotEnoughDiskSpace.
+type NotEnoughDiskSpace = Error
+
+// UploadSuccess defines model for UploadSuccess.
+type UploadSuccess = []EntryInfo
+
+// GetFilesParams defines parameters for GetFiles.
+type GetFilesParams struct {
+	// Path Path to the file, URL encoded. Can be relative to user's home directory.
+	Path *FilePath `form:"path,omitempty" json:"path,omitempty"`
+
+	// Username User used for setting the owner, or resolving relative paths.
+	Username *User `form:"username,omitempty" json:"username,omitempty"`
+
+	// Signature Signature used for file access permission verification.
+	Signature *Signature `form:"signature,omitempty" json:"signature,omitempty"`
+
+	// SignatureExpiration Signature expiration used for defining the expiration time of the signature.
+	SignatureExpiration *SignatureExpiration `form:"signature_expiration,omitempty" json:"signature_expiration,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// PostFilesMultipartBody defines parameters for PostFiles.
+type PostFilesMultipartBody struct {
+	File *openapi_types.File `json:"file,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// PostFilesParams defines parameters for PostFiles.
+type PostFilesParams struct {
+	// Path Path to the file, URL encoded. Can be relative to user's home directory.
+	Path *FilePath `form:"path,omitempty" json:"path,omitempty"`
+
+	// Username User used for setting the owner, or resolving relative paths.
+	Username *User `form:"username,omitempty" json:"username,omitempty"`
+
+	// Signature Signature used for file access permission verification.
+	Signature *Signature `form:"signature,omitempty" json:"signature,omitempty"`
+
+	// SignatureExpiration Signature expiration used for defining the expiration time of the signature.
+	SignatureExpiration *SignatureExpiration `form:"signature_expiration,omitempty" json:"signature_expiration,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// PostInitJSONBody defines parameters for PostInit.
+type PostInitJSONBody struct {
+	// AccessToken Access token for secure access to envd service
+	AccessToken *SecureToken `json:"accessToken,omitempty"`
+
+	// DefaultUser The default user to use for operations
+	DefaultUser *string `json:"defaultUser,omitempty"`
+
+	// DefaultWorkdir The default working directory to use for operations
+	DefaultWorkdir *string `json:"defaultWorkdir,omitempty"`
+
+	// EnvVars Environment variables to set
+	EnvVars *EnvVars `json:"envVars,omitempty"`
+
+	// HyperloopIP IP address of the hyperloop server to connect to
+	HyperloopIP *string `json:"hyperloopIP,omitempty"`
+
+	// Timestamp The current timestamp in RFC3339 format
+	Timestamp    *time.Time     `json:"timestamp,omitempty"`
+	VolumeMounts *[]VolumeMount `json:"volumeMounts,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// PostFilesMultipartRequestBody defines body for PostFiles for multipart/form-data ContentType.
+type PostFilesMultipartRequestBody PostFilesMultipartBody
+
+// PostInitJSONRequestBody defines body for PostInit for application/json ContentType.
+type PostInitJSONRequestBody PostInitJSONBody
+
+// ServerInterface represents all server handlers.
+type ServerInterface interface {
+	// Get the environment variables
+	// (GET /envs)
+	GetEnvs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
+	// Download a file
+	// (GET /files)
+	GetFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params GetFilesParams)
+	// Upload a file and ensure the parent directories exist. If the file exists, it will be overwritten.
+	// (POST /files)
+	PostFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params PostFilesParams)
+	// Check the health of the service
+	// (GET /health)
+	GetHealth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
+	// Set initial vars, ensure the time and metadata is synced with the host
+	// (POST /init)
+	PostInit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
+	// Get the stats of the service
+	// (GET /metrics)
+	GetMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
+}
+
+// Unimplemented server implementation that returns http.StatusNotImplemented for each endpoint.
+
+type Unimplemented struct{}
+
+// Get the environment variables
+// (GET /envs)
+func (_ Unimplemented) GetEnvs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// Download a file
+// (GET /files)
+func (_ Unimplemented) GetFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params GetFilesParams) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// Upload a file and ensure the parent directories exist. If the file exists, it will be overwritten.
+// (POST /files)
+func (_ Unimplemented) PostFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params PostFilesParams) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// Check the health of the service
+// (GET /health)
+func (_ Unimplemented) GetHealth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// Set initial vars, ensure the time and metadata is synced with the host
+// (POST /init)
+func (_ Unimplemented) PostInit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// Get the stats of the service
+// (GET /metrics)
+func (_ Unimplemented) GetMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}
+
+// ServerInterfaceWrapper converts contexts to parameters.
+type ServerInterfaceWrapper struct {
+	Handler            ServerInterface
+	HandlerMiddlewares []MiddlewareFunc
+	ErrorHandlerFunc   func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, err error)
+}
+
+type MiddlewareFunc func(http.Handler) http.Handler
+
+// GetEnvs operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) GetEnvs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, AccessTokenAuthScopes, []string{})
+
+	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.GetEnvs(w, r)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// GetFiles operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) GetFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	var err error
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, AccessTokenAuthScopes, []string{})
+
+	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	// Parameter object where we will unmarshal all parameters from the context
+	var params GetFilesParams
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "path" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "path", r.URL.Query(), &params.Path)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "path", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "username" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "username", r.URL.Query(), &params.Username)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "username", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "signature" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "signature", r.URL.Query(), &params.Signature)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "signature", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "signature_expiration" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "signature_expiration", r.URL.Query(), &params.SignatureExpiration)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "signature_expiration", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.GetFiles(w, r, params)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// PostFiles operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) PostFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	var err error
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, AccessTokenAuthScopes, []string{})
+
+	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	// Parameter object where we will unmarshal all parameters from the context
+	var params PostFilesParams
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "path" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "path", r.URL.Query(), &params.Path)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "path", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "username" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "username", r.URL.Query(), &params.Username)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "username", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "signature" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "signature", r.URL.Query(), &params.Signature)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "signature", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ------------- Optional query parameter "signature_expiration" -------------
+
+	err = runtime.BindQueryParameter("form", true, false, "signature_expiration", r.URL.Query(), &params.SignatureExpiration)
+	if err != nil {
+		siw.ErrorHandlerFunc(w, r, &InvalidParamFormatError{ParamName: "signature_expiration", Err: err})
+		return
+	}
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.PostFiles(w, r, params)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// GetHealth operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) GetHealth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.GetHealth(w, r)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// PostInit operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) PostInit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, AccessTokenAuthScopes, []string{})
+
+	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.PostInit(w, r)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// GetMetrics operation middleware
+func (siw *ServerInterfaceWrapper) GetMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, AccessTokenAuthScopes, []string{})
+
+	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	handler := http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		siw.Handler.GetMetrics(w, r)
+	}))
+
+	for _, middleware := range siw.HandlerMiddlewares {
+		handler = middleware(handler)
+	}
+
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+type UnescapedCookieParamError struct {
+	ParamName string
+	Err       error
+}
+
+func (e *UnescapedCookieParamError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("error unescaping cookie parameter '%s'", e.ParamName)
+}
+
+func (e *UnescapedCookieParamError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type UnmarshalingParamError struct {
+	ParamName string
+	Err       error
+}
+
+func (e *UnmarshalingParamError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Error unmarshaling parameter %s as JSON: %s", e.ParamName, e.Err.Error())
+}
+
+func (e *UnmarshalingParamError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type RequiredParamError struct {
+	ParamName string
+}
+
+func (e *RequiredParamError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Query argument %s is required, but not found", e.ParamName)
+}
+
+type RequiredHeaderError struct {
+	ParamName string
+	Err       error
+}
+
+func (e *RequiredHeaderError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Header parameter %s is required, but not found", e.ParamName)
+}
+
+func (e *RequiredHeaderError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type InvalidParamFormatError struct {
+	ParamName string
+	Err       error
+}
+
+func (e *InvalidParamFormatError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Invalid format for parameter %s: %s", e.ParamName, e.Err.Error())
+}
+
+func (e *InvalidParamFormatError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type TooManyValuesForParamError struct {
+	ParamName string
+	Count     int
+}
+
+func (e *TooManyValuesForParamError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Expected one value for %s, got %d", e.ParamName, e.Count)
+}
+
+// Handler creates http.Handler with routing matching OpenAPI spec.
+func Handler(si ServerInterface) http.Handler {
+	return HandlerWithOptions(si, ChiServerOptions{})
+}
+
+type ChiServerOptions struct {
+	BaseURL          string
+	BaseRouter       chi.Router
+	Middlewares      []MiddlewareFunc
+	ErrorHandlerFunc func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, err error)
+}
+
+// HandlerFromMux creates http.Handler with routing matching OpenAPI spec based on the provided mux.
+func HandlerFromMux(si ServerInterface, r chi.Router) http.Handler {
+	return HandlerWithOptions(si, ChiServerOptions{
+		BaseRouter: r,
+	})
+}
+
+func HandlerFromMuxWithBaseURL(si ServerInterface, r chi.Router, baseURL string) http.Handler {
+	return HandlerWithOptions(si, ChiServerOptions{
+		BaseURL:    baseURL,
+		BaseRouter: r,
+	})
+}
+
+// HandlerWithOptions creates http.Handler with additional options
+func HandlerWithOptions(si ServerInterface, options ChiServerOptions) http.Handler {
+	r := options.BaseRouter
+
+	if r == nil {
+		r = chi.NewRouter()
+	}
+	if options.ErrorHandlerFunc == nil {
+		options.ErrorHandlerFunc = func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, err error) {
+			http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
+		}
+	}
+	wrapper := ServerInterfaceWrapper{
+		Handler:            si,
+		HandlerMiddlewares: options.Middlewares,
+		ErrorHandlerFunc:   options.ErrorHandlerFunc,
+	}
+
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Get(options.BaseURL+"/envs", wrapper.GetEnvs)
+	})
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Get(options.BaseURL+"/files", wrapper.GetFiles)
+	})
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Post(options.BaseURL+"/files", wrapper.PostFiles)
+	})
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Get(options.BaseURL+"/health", wrapper.GetHealth)
+	})
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Post(options.BaseURL+"/init", wrapper.PostInit)
+	})
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Get(options.BaseURL+"/metrics", wrapper.GetMetrics)
+	})
+
+	return r
+}

envd/internal/api/auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/awnumar/memguard"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/keys"
+)
+
+const (
+	SigningReadOperation  = "read"
+	SigningWriteOperation = "write"
+
+	accessTokenHeader = "X-Access-Token"
+)
+
+// paths that are always allowed without general authentication
+// POST/init is secured via MMDS hash validation instead
+var authExcludedPaths = []string{
+	"GET/health",
+	"GET/files",
+	"POST/files",
+	"POST/init",
+}
+
+func (a *API) WithAuthorization(handler http.Handler) http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+		if a.accessToken.IsSet() {
+			authHeader := req.Header.Get(accessTokenHeader)
+
+			// check if this path is allowed without authentication (e.g., health check, endpoints supporting signing)
+			allowedPath := slices.Contains(authExcludedPaths, req.Method+req.URL.Path)
+
+			if !a.accessToken.Equals(authHeader) && !allowedPath {
+				a.logger.Error().Msg("Trying to access secured envd without correct access token")
+
+				err := fmt.Errorf("unauthorized access, please provide a valid access token or method signing if supported")
+				jsonError(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, err)
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	})
+}
+
+func (a *API) generateSignature(path string, username string, operation string, signatureExpiration *int64) (string, error) {
+	tokenBytes, err := a.accessToken.Bytes()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("access token is not set: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer memguard.WipeBytes(tokenBytes)
+
+	var signature string
+	hasher := keys.NewSHA256Hashing()
+
+	if signatureExpiration == nil {
+		signature = strings.Join([]string{path, operation, username, string(tokenBytes)}, ":")
+	} else {
+		signature = strings.Join([]string{path, operation, username, string(tokenBytes), strconv.FormatInt(*signatureExpiration, 10)}, ":")
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("v1_%s", hasher.HashWithoutPrefix([]byte(signature))), nil
+}
+
+func (a *API) validateSigning(r *http.Request, signature *string, signatureExpiration *int, username *string, path string, operation string) (err error) {
+	var expectedSignature string
+
+	// no need to validate signing key if access token is not set
+	if !a.accessToken.IsSet() {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// check if access token is sent in the header
+	tokenFromHeader := r.Header.Get(accessTokenHeader)
+	if tokenFromHeader != "" {
+		if !a.accessToken.Equals(tokenFromHeader) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access token present in header but does not match")
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if signature == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing signature query parameter")
+	}
+
+	// Empty string is used when no username is provided and the default user should be used
+	signatureUsername := ""
+	if username != nil {
+		signatureUsername = *username
+	}
+
+	if signatureExpiration == nil {
+		expectedSignature, err = a.generateSignature(path, signatureUsername, operation, nil)
+	} else {
+		exp := int64(*signatureExpiration)
+		expectedSignature, err = a.generateSignature(path, signatureUsername, operation, &exp)
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Msg("error generating signing key")
+
+		return errors.New("invalid signature")
+	}
+
+	// signature validation
+	if expectedSignature != *signature {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid signature")
+	}
+
+	// signature expiration
+	if signatureExpiration != nil {
+		exp := int64(*signatureExpiration)
+		if exp < time.Now().Unix() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("signature is already expired")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

envd/internal/api/auth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/keys"
+)
+
+func TestKeyGenerationAlgorithmIsStable(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	apiToken := "secret-access-token"
+	secureToken := &SecureToken{}
+	err := secureToken.Set([]byte(apiToken))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	api := &API{accessToken: secureToken}
+
+	path := "/path/to/demo.txt"
+	username := "root"
+	operation := "write"
+	timestamp := time.Now().Unix()
+
+	signature, err := api.generateSignature(path, username, operation, &timestamp)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, signature)
+
+	// locally generated signature
+	hasher := keys.NewSHA256Hashing()
+	localSignatureTmp := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s:%s:%s", path, operation, username, apiToken, strconv.FormatInt(timestamp, 10))
+	localSignature := fmt.Sprintf("v1_%s", hasher.HashWithoutPrefix([]byte(localSignatureTmp)))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, localSignature, signature)
+}
+
+func TestKeyGenerationAlgorithmWithoutExpirationIsStable(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	apiToken := "secret-access-token"
+	secureToken := &SecureToken{}
+	err := secureToken.Set([]byte(apiToken))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	api := &API{accessToken: secureToken}
+
+	path := "/path/to/resource.txt"
+	username := "user"
+	operation := "read"
+
+	signature, err := api.generateSignature(path, username, operation, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, signature)
+
+	// locally generated signature
+	hasher := keys.NewSHA256Hashing()
+	localSignatureTmp := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s:%s", path, operation, username, apiToken)
+	localSignature := fmt.Sprintf("v1_%s", hasher.HashWithoutPrefix([]byte(localSignatureTmp)))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, localSignature, signature)
+}

envd/internal/api/cfg.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+# yaml-language-server: $schema=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/deepmap/oapi-codegen/HEAD/configuration-schema.json
+
+package: api
+output: api.gen.go
+generate:
+  models: true
+  chi-server: true
+  client: false

envd/internal/api/download.go

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"mime"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+)
+
+func (a *API) GetFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params GetFilesParams) {
+	defer r.Body.Close()
+
+	var errorCode int
+	var errMsg error
+
+	var path string
+	if params.Path != nil {
+		path = *params.Path
+	}
+
+	operationID := logs.AssignOperationID()
+
+	// signing authorization if needed
+	err := a.validateSigning(r, params.Signature, params.SignatureExpiration, params.Username, path, SigningReadOperation)
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("error during auth validation")
+		jsonError(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, err)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	username, err := execcontext.ResolveDefaultUsername(params.Username, a.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("no user specified")
+		jsonError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		l := a.logger.
+			Err(errMsg).
+			Str("method", r.Method+" "+r.URL.Path).
+			Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).
+			Str("path", path).
+			Str("username", username)
+
+		if errMsg != nil {
+			l = l.Int("error_code", errorCode)
+		}
+
+		l.Msg("File read")
+	}()
+
+	u, err := user.Lookup(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error looking up user '%s': %w", username, err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusUnauthorized
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	resolvedPath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(path, u, a.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error expanding and resolving path '%s': %w", path, err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusBadRequest
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	stat, err := os.Stat(resolvedPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			errMsg = fmt.Errorf("path '%s' does not exist", resolvedPath)
+			errorCode = http.StatusNotFound
+			jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error checking if path exists '%s': %w", resolvedPath, err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusInternalServerError
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	if stat.IsDir() {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("path '%s' is a directory", resolvedPath)
+		errorCode = http.StatusBadRequest
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Validate Accept-Encoding header
+	encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error parsing Accept-Encoding: %w", err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusNotAcceptable
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Tell caches to store separate variants for different Accept-Encoding values
+	w.Header().Set("Vary", "Accept-Encoding")
+
+	// Fall back to identity for Range or conditional requests to preserve http.ServeContent
+	// behavior (206 Partial Content, 304 Not Modified). However, we must check if identity
+	// is acceptable per the Accept-Encoding header.
+	hasRangeOrConditional := r.Header.Get("Range") != "" ||
+		r.Header.Get("If-Modified-Since") != "" ||
+		r.Header.Get("If-None-Match") != "" ||
+		r.Header.Get("If-Range") != ""
+	if hasRangeOrConditional {
+		if !isIdentityAcceptable(r) {
+			errMsg = fmt.Errorf("identity encoding not acceptable for Range or conditional request")
+			errorCode = http.StatusNotAcceptable
+			jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+			return
+		}
+		encoding = EncodingIdentity
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.Open(resolvedPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error opening file '%s': %w", resolvedPath, err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusInternalServerError
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", mime.FormatMediaType("inline", map[string]string{"filename": filepath.Base(resolvedPath)}))
+
+	// Serve with gzip encoding if requested.
+	if encoding == EncodingGzip {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Encoding", EncodingGzip)
+
+		// Set Content-Type based on file extension, preserving the original type
+		contentType := mime.TypeByExtension(filepath.Ext(path))
+		if contentType == "" {
+			contentType = "application/octet-stream"
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", contentType)
+
+		gw := gzip.NewWriter(w)
+		defer gw.Close()
+
+		_, err = io.Copy(gw, file)
+		if err != nil {
+			a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("error writing gzip response")
+		}
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	http.ServeContent(w, r, path, stat.ModTime(), file)
+}

envd/internal/api/download_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"io"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func TestGetFilesContentDisposition(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		filename       string
+		expectedHeader string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "simple filename",
+			filename:       "test.txt",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename=test.txt`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "filename with extension",
+			filename:       "presentation.pptx",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename=presentation.pptx`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "filename with multiple dots",
+			filename:       "archive.tar.gz",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename=archive.tar.gz`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "filename with spaces",
+			filename:       "my document.pdf",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename="my document.pdf"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "filename with quotes",
+			filename:       `file"name.txt`,
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename="file\"name.txt"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "filename with backslash",
+			filename:       `file\name.txt`,
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename="file\\name.txt"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "unicode filename",
+			filename:       "\u6587\u6863.pdf", // 文档.pdf in Chinese
+			expectedHeader: "inline; filename*=utf-8''%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3.pdf",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "dotfile preserved",
+			filename:       ".env",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename=.env`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "dotfile with extension preserved",
+			filename:       ".gitignore",
+			expectedHeader: `inline; filename=.gitignore`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			// Create a temp directory and file
+			tempDir := t.TempDir()
+			tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, tt.filename)
+			err := os.WriteFile(tempFile, []byte("test content"), 0o644)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// Create test API
+			logger := zerolog.Nop()
+			defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+				EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+				User:    currentUser.Username,
+			}
+			api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+			// Create request and response recorder
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(tempFile), nil)
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+			// Call the handler
+			params := GetFilesParams{
+				Path:     &tempFile,
+				Username: &currentUser.Username,
+			}
+			api.GetFiles(w, req, params)
+
+			// Check response
+			resp := w.Result()
+			defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+			assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+
+			// Verify Content-Disposition header
+			contentDisposition := resp.Header.Get("Content-Disposition")
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedHeader, contentDisposition, "Content-Disposition header should be set with correct filename")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFilesContentDispositionWithNestedPath(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a temp directory with nested structure
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	nestedDir := filepath.Join(tempDir, "subdir", "another")
+	err = os.MkdirAll(nestedDir, 0o755)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	filename := "document.pdf"
+	tempFile := filepath.Join(nestedDir, filename)
+	err = os.WriteFile(tempFile, []byte("test content"), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create test API
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		User:    currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+	// Create request and response recorder
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(tempFile), nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	// Call the handler
+	params := GetFilesParams{
+		Path:     &tempFile,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.GetFiles(w, req, params)
+
+	// Check response
+	resp := w.Result()
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+
+	// Verify Content-Disposition header uses only the base filename, not the full path
+	contentDisposition := resp.Header.Get("Content-Disposition")
+	assert.Equal(t, `inline; filename=document.pdf`, contentDisposition, "Content-Disposition should contain only the filename, not the path")
+}
+
+func TestGetFiles_GzipEncoding_ExplicitIdentityOffWithRange(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a temp directory with a test file
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	filename := "document.pdf"
+	tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, filename)
+	err = os.WriteFile(tempFile, []byte("test content"), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create test API
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		User:    currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+	// Create request and response recorder
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(tempFile), nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip; q=1,*; q=0")
+	req.Header.Set("Range", "bytes=0-4") // Request first 5 bytes
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	// Call the handler
+	params := GetFilesParams{
+		Path:     &tempFile,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.GetFiles(w, req, params)
+
+	// Check response
+	resp := w.Result()
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotAcceptable, resp.StatusCode)
+}
+
+func TestGetFiles_GzipDownload(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	originalContent := []byte("hello world, this is a test file for gzip compression")
+
+	// Create a temp file with known content
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test.txt")
+	err = os.WriteFile(tempFile, originalContent, 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		User:    currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(tempFile), nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	params := GetFilesParams{
+		Path:     &tempFile,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.GetFiles(w, req, params)
+
+	resp := w.Result()
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+	assert.Equal(t, "gzip", resp.Header.Get("Content-Encoding"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+
+	// Decompress the gzip response body
+	gzReader, err := gzip.NewReader(resp.Body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer gzReader.Close()
+
+	decompressed, err := io.ReadAll(gzReader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, originalContent, decompressed)
+}
+
+func TestPostFiles_GzipUpload(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	originalContent := []byte("hello world, this is a test file uploaded with gzip")
+
+	// Build a multipart body
+	var multipartBuf bytes.Buffer
+	mpWriter := multipart.NewWriter(&multipartBuf)
+	part, err := mpWriter.CreateFormFile("file", "uploaded.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = part.Write(originalContent)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = mpWriter.Close()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Gzip-compress the entire multipart body
+	var gzBuf bytes.Buffer
+	gzWriter := gzip.NewWriter(&gzBuf)
+	_, err = gzWriter.Write(multipartBuf.Bytes())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = gzWriter.Close()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create test API
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	destPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "uploaded.txt")
+
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		User:    currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(destPath), &gzBuf)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", mpWriter.FormDataContentType())
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	params := PostFilesParams{
+		Path:     &destPath,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.PostFiles(w, req, params)
+
+	resp := w.Result()
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+
+	// Verify the file was written with the original (decompressed) content
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(destPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, originalContent, data)
+}
+
+func TestGzipUploadThenGzipDownload(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	currentUser, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	originalContent := []byte("round-trip gzip test: upload compressed, download compressed, verify match")
+
+	// --- Upload with gzip ---
+
+	// Build a multipart body
+	var multipartBuf bytes.Buffer
+	mpWriter := multipart.NewWriter(&multipartBuf)
+	part, err := mpWriter.CreateFormFile("file", "roundtrip.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = part.Write(originalContent)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = mpWriter.Close()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Gzip-compress the entire multipart body
+	var gzBuf bytes.Buffer
+	gzWriter := gzip.NewWriter(&gzBuf)
+	_, err = gzWriter.Write(multipartBuf.Bytes())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = gzWriter.Close()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	destPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "roundtrip.txt")
+
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		User:    currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+
+	uploadReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(destPath), &gzBuf)
+	uploadReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", mpWriter.FormDataContentType())
+	uploadReq.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+	uploadW := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	uploadParams := PostFilesParams{
+		Path:     &destPath,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.PostFiles(uploadW, uploadReq, uploadParams)
+
+	uploadResp := uploadW.Result()
+	defer uploadResp.Body.Close()
+
+	require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, uploadResp.StatusCode)
+
+	// --- Download with gzip ---
+
+	downloadReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/files?path="+url.QueryEscape(destPath), nil)
+	downloadReq.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+	downloadW := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	downloadParams := GetFilesParams{
+		Path:     &destPath,
+		Username: &currentUser.Username,
+	}
+	api.GetFiles(downloadW, downloadReq, downloadParams)
+
+	downloadResp := downloadW.Result()
+	defer downloadResp.Body.Close()
+
+	require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, downloadResp.StatusCode)
+	assert.Equal(t, "gzip", downloadResp.Header.Get("Content-Encoding"))
+
+	// Decompress and verify content matches original
+	gzReader, err := gzip.NewReader(downloadResp.Body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer gzReader.Close()
+
+	decompressed, err := io.ReadAll(gzReader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, originalContent, decompressed)
+}

envd/internal/api/encoding.go

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	// EncodingGzip is the gzip content encoding.
+	EncodingGzip = "gzip"
+	// EncodingIdentity means no encoding (passthrough).
+	EncodingIdentity = "identity"
+	// EncodingWildcard means any encoding is acceptable.
+	EncodingWildcard = "*"
+)
+
+// SupportedEncodings lists the content encodings supported for file transfer.
+// The order matters - encodings are checked in order of preference.
+var SupportedEncodings = []string{
+	EncodingGzip,
+}
+
+// encodingWithQuality holds an encoding name and its quality value.
+type encodingWithQuality struct {
+	encoding string
+	quality  float64
+}
+
+// isSupportedEncoding checks if the given encoding is in the supported list.
+// Per RFC 7231, content-coding values are case-insensitive.
+func isSupportedEncoding(encoding string) bool {
+	return slices.Contains(SupportedEncodings, strings.ToLower(encoding))
+}
+
+// parseEncodingWithQuality parses an encoding value and extracts the quality.
+// Returns the encoding name (lowercased) and quality value (default 1.0 if not specified).
+// Per RFC 7231, content-coding values are case-insensitive.
+func parseEncodingWithQuality(value string) encodingWithQuality {
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+	quality := 1.0
+
+	if idx := strings.Index(value, ";"); idx != -1 {
+		params := value[idx+1:]
+		value = strings.TrimSpace(value[:idx])
+
+		// Parse q=X.X parameter
+		for param := range strings.SplitSeq(params, ";") {
+			param = strings.TrimSpace(param)
+			if strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(param), "q=") {
+				if q, err := strconv.ParseFloat(param[2:], 64); err == nil {
+					quality = q
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Normalize encoding to lowercase per RFC 7231
+	return encodingWithQuality{encoding: strings.ToLower(value), quality: quality}
+}
+
+// parseEncoding extracts the encoding name from a header value, stripping quality.
+func parseEncoding(value string) string {
+	return parseEncodingWithQuality(value).encoding
+}
+
+// parseContentEncoding parses the Content-Encoding header and returns the encoding.
+// Returns an error if an unsupported encoding is specified.
+// If no Content-Encoding header is present, returns empty string.
+func parseContentEncoding(r *http.Request) (string, error) {
+	header := r.Header.Get("Content-Encoding")
+	if header == "" {
+		return EncodingIdentity, nil
+	}
+
+	encoding := parseEncoding(header)
+
+	if encoding == EncodingIdentity {
+		return EncodingIdentity, nil
+	}
+
+	if !isSupportedEncoding(encoding) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported Content-Encoding: %s, supported: %v", header, SupportedEncodings)
+	}
+
+	return encoding, nil
+}
+
+// parseAcceptEncodingHeader parses the Accept-Encoding header and returns
+// the parsed encodings along with the identity rejection state.
+// Per RFC 7231 Section 5.3.4, identity is acceptable unless excluded by
+// "identity;q=0" or "*;q=0" without a more specific entry for identity with q>0.
+func parseAcceptEncodingHeader(header string) ([]encodingWithQuality, bool) {
+	if header == "" {
+		return nil, false // identity not rejected when header is empty
+	}
+
+	// Parse all encodings with their quality values
+	var encodings []encodingWithQuality
+	for value := range strings.SplitSeq(header, ",") {
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality(value)
+		encodings = append(encodings, eq)
+	}
+
+	// Check if identity is rejected per RFC 7231 Section 5.3.4:
+	// identity is acceptable unless excluded by "identity;q=0" or "*;q=0"
+	// without a more specific entry for identity with q>0.
+	identityRejected := false
+	identityExplicitlyAccepted := false
+	wildcardRejected := false
+
+	for _, eq := range encodings {
+		switch eq.encoding {
+		case EncodingIdentity:
+			if eq.quality == 0 {
+				identityRejected = true
+			} else {
+				identityExplicitlyAccepted = true
+			}
+		case EncodingWildcard:
+			if eq.quality == 0 {
+				wildcardRejected = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if wildcardRejected && !identityExplicitlyAccepted {
+		identityRejected = true
+	}
+
+	return encodings, identityRejected
+}
+
+// isIdentityAcceptable checks if identity encoding is acceptable based on the
+// Accept-Encoding header. Per RFC 7231 section 5.3.4, identity is always
+// implicitly acceptable unless explicitly rejected with q=0.
+func isIdentityAcceptable(r *http.Request) bool {
+	header := r.Header.Get("Accept-Encoding")
+	_, identityRejected := parseAcceptEncodingHeader(header)
+
+	return !identityRejected
+}
+
+// parseAcceptEncoding parses the Accept-Encoding header and returns the best
+// supported encoding based on quality values. Per RFC 7231 section 5.3.4,
+// identity is always implicitly acceptable unless explicitly rejected with q=0.
+// If no Accept-Encoding header is present, returns empty string (identity).
+func parseAcceptEncoding(r *http.Request) (string, error) {
+	header := r.Header.Get("Accept-Encoding")
+	if header == "" {
+		return EncodingIdentity, nil
+	}
+
+	encodings, identityRejected := parseAcceptEncodingHeader(header)
+
+	// Sort by quality value (highest first)
+	sort.Slice(encodings, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return encodings[i].quality > encodings[j].quality
+	})
+
+	// Find the best supported encoding
+	for _, eq := range encodings {
+		// Skip encodings with q=0 (explicitly rejected)
+		if eq.quality == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if eq.encoding == EncodingIdentity {
+			return EncodingIdentity, nil
+		}
+
+		// Wildcard means any encoding is acceptable - return a supported encoding if identity is rejected
+		if eq.encoding == EncodingWildcard {
+			if identityRejected && len(SupportedEncodings) > 0 {
+				return SupportedEncodings[0], nil
+			}
+
+			return EncodingIdentity, nil
+		}
+
+		if isSupportedEncoding(eq.encoding) {
+			return eq.encoding, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Per RFC 7231, identity is implicitly acceptable unless rejected
+	if !identityRejected {
+		return EncodingIdentity, nil
+	}
+
+	// Identity rejected and no supported encodings found
+	return "", fmt.Errorf("no acceptable encoding found, supported: %v", SupportedEncodings)
+}
+
+// getDecompressedBody returns a reader that decompresses the request body based on
+// Content-Encoding header. Returns the original body if no encoding is specified.
+// Returns an error if an unsupported encoding is specified.
+// The caller is responsible for closing both the returned ReadCloser and the
+// original request body (r.Body) separately.
+func getDecompressedBody(r *http.Request) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if encoding == EncodingIdentity {
+		return r.Body, nil
+	}
+
+	switch encoding {
+	case EncodingGzip:
+		gzReader, err := gzip.NewReader(r.Body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create gzip reader: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return gzReader, nil
+	default:
+		// This shouldn't happen if isSupportedEncoding is correct
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("encoding %s is supported but not implemented", encoding)
+	}
+}

envd/internal/api/encoding_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestIsSupportedEncoding(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("gzip is supported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.True(t, isSupportedEncoding("gzip"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("GZIP is supported (case-insensitive)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.True(t, isSupportedEncoding("GZIP"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Gzip is supported (case-insensitive)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.True(t, isSupportedEncoding("Gzip"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("br is not supported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.False(t, isSupportedEncoding("br"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("deflate is not supported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.False(t, isSupportedEncoding("deflate"))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestParseEncodingWithQuality(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns encoding with default quality 1.0", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("gzip")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 1.0, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("parses quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("gzip;q=0.5")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 0.5, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("parses quality value with whitespace", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("gzip ; q=0.8")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 0.8, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles q=0", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("gzip;q=0")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 0.0, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles invalid quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("gzip;q=invalid")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 1.0, eq.quality, 0.001) // defaults to 1.0 on parse error
+	})
+
+	t.Run("trims whitespace from encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("  gzip  ")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 1.0, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("normalizes encoding to lowercase", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("GZIP")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("normalizes mixed case encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		eq := parseEncodingWithQuality("Gzip;q=0.5")
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", eq.encoding)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 0.5, eq.quality, 0.001)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestParseEncoding(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns encoding as-is", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", parseEncoding("gzip"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("trims whitespace", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", parseEncoding("  gzip  "))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("strips quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", parseEncoding("gzip;q=1.0"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("strips quality value with whitespace", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", parseEncoding("gzip ; q=0.5"))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestParseContentEncoding(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns identity when no header", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when Content-Encoding is gzip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when Content-Encoding is GZIP (case-insensitive)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "GZIP")
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when Content-Encoding is Gzip (case-insensitive)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "Gzip")
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns identity for identity encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "identity")
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for unsupported encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "br")
+
+		_, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "unsupported Content-Encoding")
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "supported: [gzip]")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles gzip with quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip;q=1.0")
+
+		encoding, err := parseContentEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestParseAcceptEncoding(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns identity when no header", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when Accept-Encoding is gzip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when Accept-Encoding is GZIP (case-insensitive)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "GZIP")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when gzip is among multiple encodings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "deflate, gzip, br")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip with quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=1.0")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns identity for identity encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "identity")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns identity for wildcard encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "*")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("falls back to identity for unsupported encoding only", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "br")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("falls back to identity when only unsupported encodings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "deflate, br")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("selects gzip when it has highest quality", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "br;q=0.5, gzip;q=1.0, deflate;q=0.8")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("selects gzip even with lower quality when others unsupported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.5")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns identity when it has higher quality than gzip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=0.5, identity;q=1.0")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("skips encoding with q=0", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=0, identity")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("falls back to identity when gzip rejected and no other supported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=0, br")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error when identity explicitly rejected and no supported encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "br, identity;q=0")
+
+		_, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "no acceptable encoding found")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip for wildcard when identity rejected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "*, identity;q=0")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "gzip", encoding) // wildcard with identity rejected returns supported encoding
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error when wildcard rejected and no explicit identity", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "*;q=0")
+
+		_, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "no acceptable encoding found")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns identity when wildcard rejected but identity explicitly accepted", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "*;q=0, identity")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingIdentity, encoding)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns gzip when wildcard rejected but gzip explicitly accepted", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/test", nil)
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "*;q=0, gzip")
+
+		encoding, err := parseAcceptEncoding(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, EncodingGzip, encoding)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestGetDecompressedBody(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns original body when no Content-Encoding header", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		content := []byte("test content")
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(content))
+
+		body, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, req.Body, body, "should return original body")
+
+		data, err := io.ReadAll(body)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, content, data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("decompresses gzip body when Content-Encoding is gzip", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		originalContent := []byte("test content to compress")
+
+		var compressed bytes.Buffer
+		gw := gzip.NewWriter(&compressed)
+		_, err := gw.Write(originalContent)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = gw.Close()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(compressed.Bytes()))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		body, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer body.Close()
+
+		assert.NotEqual(t, req.Body, body, "should return a new gzip reader")
+
+		data, err := io.ReadAll(body)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, originalContent, data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for invalid gzip data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		invalidGzip := []byte("this is not gzip data")
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(invalidGzip))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		_, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "failed to create gzip reader")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns original body for identity encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		content := []byte("test content")
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(content))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "identity")
+
+		body, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, req.Body, body, "should return original body")
+
+		data, err := io.ReadAll(body)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, content, data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for unsupported encoding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		content := []byte("test content")
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(content))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "br")
+
+		_, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "unsupported Content-Encoding")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles gzip with quality value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		originalContent := []byte("test content to compress")
+
+		var compressed bytes.Buffer
+		gw := gzip.NewWriter(&compressed)
+		_, err := gw.Write(originalContent)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = gw.Close()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/test", bytes.NewReader(compressed.Bytes()))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip;q=1.0")
+
+		body, err := getDecompressedBody(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer body.Close()
+
+		data, err := io.ReadAll(body)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, originalContent, data)
+	})
+}

envd/internal/api/envs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+)
+
+func (a *API) GetEnvs(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	operationID := logs.AssignOperationID()
+
+	a.logger.Debug().Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("Getting env vars")
+
+	envs := make(EnvVars)
+	a.defaults.EnvVars.Range(func(key, value string) bool {
+		envs[key] = value
+
+		return true
+	})
+
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(envs); err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("Failed to encode env vars")
+	}
+}

envd/internal/api/error.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+func jsonError(w http.ResponseWriter, code int, err error) {
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
+
+	w.WriteHeader(code)
+	encodeErr := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(Error{
+		Code:    code,
+		Message: err.Error(),
+	})
+	if encodeErr != nil {
+		http.Error(w, errors.Join(encodeErr, err).Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+	}
+}

envd/internal/api/generate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/oapi-codegen/oapi-codegen/v2/cmd/oapi-codegen -config cfg.yaml ../../spec/envd.yaml

envd/internal/api/init.go

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Modifications by M/S Omukk
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os/exec"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/awnumar/memguard"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/txn2/txeh"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/host"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/keys"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrAccessTokenMismatch           = errors.New("access token validation failed")
+	ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized = errors.New("access token reset not authorized")
+)
+
+const (
+	maxTimeInPast   = 50 * time.Millisecond
+	maxTimeInFuture = 5 * time.Second
+)
+
+// validateInitAccessToken validates the access token for /init requests.
+// Token is valid if it matches the existing token OR the MMDS hash.
+// If neither exists, first-time setup is allowed.
+func (a *API) validateInitAccessToken(ctx context.Context, requestToken *SecureToken) error {
+	requestTokenSet := requestToken.IsSet()
+
+	// Fast path: token matches existing
+	if a.accessToken.IsSet() && requestTokenSet && a.accessToken.EqualsSecure(requestToken) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Check MMDS only if token didn't match existing
+	matchesMMDS, mmdsExists := a.checkMMDSHash(ctx, requestToken)
+
+	switch {
+	case matchesMMDS:
+		return nil
+	case !a.accessToken.IsSet() && !mmdsExists:
+		return nil // first-time setup
+	case !requestTokenSet:
+		return ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized
+	default:
+		return ErrAccessTokenMismatch
+	}
+}
+
+// checkMMDSHash checks if the request token matches the MMDS hash.
+// Returns (matches, mmdsExists).
+//
+// The MMDS hash is set by the orchestrator during Resume:
+//   - hash(token): requires this specific token
+//   - hash(""): explicitly allows nil token (token reset authorized)
+//   - "": MMDS not properly configured, no authorization granted
+func (a *API) checkMMDSHash(ctx context.Context, requestToken *SecureToken) (bool, bool) {
+	if a.isNotFC {
+		return false, false
+	}
+
+	mmdsHash, err := a.mmdsClient.GetAccessTokenHash(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, false
+	}
+
+	if mmdsHash == "" {
+		return false, false
+	}
+
+	if !requestToken.IsSet() {
+		return mmdsHash == keys.HashAccessToken(""), true
+	}
+
+	tokenBytes, err := requestToken.Bytes()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, true
+	}
+	defer memguard.WipeBytes(tokenBytes)
+
+	return keys.HashAccessTokenBytes(tokenBytes) == mmdsHash, true
+}
+
+func (a *API) PostInit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	defer r.Body.Close()
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	operationID := logs.AssignOperationID()
+	logger := a.logger.With().Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Logger()
+
+	if r.Body != nil {
+		// Read raw body so we can wipe it after parsing
+		body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
+		// Ensure body is wiped after we're done
+		defer memguard.WipeBytes(body)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Error().Msgf("Failed to read request body: %v", err)
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		var initRequest PostInitJSONBody
+		if len(body) > 0 {
+			err = json.Unmarshal(body, &initRequest)
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error().Msgf("Failed to decode request: %v", err)
+				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Ensure request token is destroyed if not transferred via TakeFrom.
+		// This handles: validation failures, timestamp-based skips, and any early returns.
+		// Safe because Destroy() is nil-safe and TakeFrom clears the source.
+		defer initRequest.AccessToken.Destroy()
+
+		a.initLock.Lock()
+		defer a.initLock.Unlock()
+
+		// Update data only if the request is newer or if there's no timestamp at all
+		if initRequest.Timestamp == nil || a.lastSetTime.SetToGreater(initRequest.Timestamp.UnixNano()) {
+			err = a.SetData(ctx, logger, initRequest)
+			if err != nil {
+				switch {
+				case errors.Is(err, ErrAccessTokenMismatch), errors.Is(err, ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized):
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+				default:
+					logger.Error().Msgf("Failed to set data: %v", err)
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+				}
+				w.Write([]byte(err.Error()))
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	go func() { //nolint:contextcheck // TODO: fix this later
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		host.PollForMMDSOpts(ctx, a.mmdsChan, a.defaults.EnvVars)
+	}()
+
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "")
+
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+func (a *API) SetData(ctx context.Context, logger zerolog.Logger, data PostInitJSONBody) error {
+	// Validate access token before proceeding with any action
+	// The request must provide a token that is either:
+	// 1. Matches the existing access token (if set), OR
+	// 2. Matches the MMDS hash (for token change during resume)
+	if err := a.validateInitAccessToken(ctx, data.AccessToken); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if data.Timestamp != nil {
+		// Check if current time differs significantly from the received timestamp
+		if shouldSetSystemTime(time.Now(), *data.Timestamp) {
+			logger.Debug().Msgf("Setting sandbox start time to: %v", *data.Timestamp)
+			ts := unix.NsecToTimespec(data.Timestamp.UnixNano())
+			err := unix.ClockSettime(unix.CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts)
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error().Msgf("Failed to set system time: %v", err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			logger.Debug().Msgf("Current time is within acceptable range of timestamp %v, not setting system time", *data.Timestamp)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if data.EnvVars != nil {
+		logger.Debug().Msg(fmt.Sprintf("Setting %d env vars", len(*data.EnvVars)))
+
+		for key, value := range *data.EnvVars {
+			logger.Debug().Msgf("Setting env var for %s", key)
+			a.defaults.EnvVars.Store(key, value)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if data.AccessToken.IsSet() {
+		logger.Debug().Msg("Setting access token")
+		a.accessToken.TakeFrom(data.AccessToken)
+	} else if a.accessToken.IsSet() {
+		logger.Debug().Msg("Clearing access token")
+		a.accessToken.Destroy()
+	}
+
+	if data.HyperloopIP != nil {
+		go a.SetupHyperloop(*data.HyperloopIP)
+	}
+
+	if data.DefaultUser != nil && *data.DefaultUser != "" {
+		logger.Debug().Msgf("Setting default user to: %s", *data.DefaultUser)
+		a.defaults.User = *data.DefaultUser
+	}
+
+	if data.DefaultWorkdir != nil && *data.DefaultWorkdir != "" {
+		logger.Debug().Msgf("Setting default workdir to: %s", *data.DefaultWorkdir)
+		a.defaults.Workdir = data.DefaultWorkdir
+	}
+
+	if data.VolumeMounts != nil {
+		for _, volume := range *data.VolumeMounts {
+			logger.Debug().Msgf("Mounting %s at %q", volume.NfsTarget, volume.Path)
+
+			go a.setupNfs(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), volume.NfsTarget, volume.Path)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (a *API) setupNfs(ctx context.Context, nfsTarget, path string) {
+	commands := [][]string{
+		{"mkdir", "-p", path},
+		{"mount", "-v", "-t", "nfs", "-o", "mountproto=tcp,mountport=2049,proto=tcp,port=2049,nfsvers=3,noacl", nfsTarget, path},
+	}
+
+	for _, command := range commands {
+		data, err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, command[0], command[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+
+		logger := a.getLogger(err)
+
+		logger.
+			Strs("command", command).
+			Str("output", string(data)).
+			Msg("Mount NFS")
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (a *API) SetupHyperloop(address string) {
+	a.hyperloopLock.Lock()
+	defer a.hyperloopLock.Unlock()
+
+	if err := rewriteHostsFile(address, "/etc/hosts"); err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Msg("failed to modify hosts file")
+	} else {
+		a.defaults.EnvVars.Store("WRENN_EVENTS_ADDRESS", fmt.Sprintf("http://%s", address))
+	}
+}
+
+const eventsHost = "events.wrenn.local"
+
+func rewriteHostsFile(address, path string) error {
+	hosts, err := txeh.NewHosts(&txeh.HostsConfig{
+		ReadFilePath:  path,
+		WriteFilePath: path,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create hosts: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Update /etc/hosts to point events.wrenn.local to the hyperloop IP
+	// This will remove any existing entries for events.wrenn.local first
+	ipFamily, err := getIPFamily(address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get ip family: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if ok, current, _ := hosts.HostAddressLookup(eventsHost, ipFamily); ok && current == address {
+		return nil // nothing to be done
+	}
+
+	hosts.AddHost(address, eventsHost)
+
+	return hosts.Save()
+}
+
+var (
+	ErrInvalidAddress       = errors.New("invalid IP address")
+	ErrUnknownAddressFormat = errors.New("unknown IP address format")
+)
+
+func getIPFamily(address string) (txeh.IPFamily, error) {
+	addressIP, err := netip.ParseAddr(address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return txeh.IPFamilyV4, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse IP address: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case addressIP.Is4():
+		return txeh.IPFamilyV4, nil
+	case addressIP.Is6():
+		return txeh.IPFamilyV6, nil
+	default:
+		return txeh.IPFamilyV4, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrUnknownAddressFormat, address)
+	}
+}
+
+// shouldSetSystemTime returns true if the current time differs significantly from the received timestamp,
+// indicating the system clock should be adjusted. Returns true when the sandboxTime is more than
+// maxTimeInPast before the hostTime or more than maxTimeInFuture after the hostTime.
+func shouldSetSystemTime(sandboxTime, hostTime time.Time) bool {
+	return sandboxTime.Before(hostTime.Add(-maxTimeInPast)) || sandboxTime.After(hostTime.Add(maxTimeInFuture))
+}

envd/internal/api/init_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Modifications by M/S Omukk
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/keys"
+	utilsShared "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/utils"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func TestSimpleCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	testCases := map[string]func(string) string{
+		"both newlines":               func(s string) string { return s },
+		"no newline prefix":           func(s string) string { return strings.TrimPrefix(s, "\n") },
+		"no newline suffix":           func(s string) string { return strings.TrimSuffix(s, "\n") },
+		"no newline prefix or suffix": strings.TrimSpace,
+	}
+
+	for name, preprocessor := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			tempDir := t.TempDir()
+
+			value := `
+# comment
+127.0.0.1        one.host
+127.0.0.2        two.host
+`
+			value = preprocessor(value)
+			inputPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "hosts")
+			err := os.WriteFile(inputPath, []byte(value), 0o644)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = rewriteHostsFile("127.0.0.3", inputPath)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			data, err := os.ReadFile(inputPath)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, `# comment
+127.0.0.1        one.host
+127.0.0.2        two.host
+127.0.0.3        events.wrenn.local`, strings.TrimSpace(string(data)))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldSetSystemTime(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	sandboxTime := time.Now()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		hostTime time.Time
+		want     bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time far ahead of host time (should set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(-10 * time.Second),
+			want:     true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time at maxTimeInPast boundary ahead of host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(-50 * time.Millisecond),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time just within maxTimeInPast ahead of host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(-40 * time.Millisecond),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time slightly ahead of host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(-10 * time.Millisecond),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time equals host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime,
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time slightly behind host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(1 * time.Second),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time just within maxTimeInFuture behind host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(4 * time.Second),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time at maxTimeInFuture boundary behind host time (should not set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(5 * time.Second),
+			want:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "sandbox time far behind host time (should set)",
+			hostTime: sandboxTime.Add(1 * time.Minute),
+			want:     true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			got := shouldSetSystemTime(tt.hostTime, sandboxTime)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func secureTokenPtr(s string) *SecureToken {
+	token := &SecureToken{}
+	_ = token.Set([]byte(s))
+
+	return token
+}
+
+type mockMMDSClient struct {
+	hash string
+	err  error
+}
+
+func (m *mockMMDSClient) GetAccessTokenHash(_ context.Context) (string, error) {
+	return m.hash, m.err
+}
+
+func newTestAPI(accessToken *SecureToken, mmdsClient MMDSClient) *API {
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+	defaults := &execcontext.Defaults{
+		EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+	}
+	api := New(&logger, defaults, nil, false)
+	if accessToken != nil {
+		api.accessToken.TakeFrom(accessToken)
+	}
+	api.mmdsClient = mmdsClient
+
+	return api
+}
+
+func TestValidateInitAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ctx := t.Context()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		accessToken  *SecureToken
+		requestToken *SecureToken
+		mmdsHash     string
+		mmdsErr      error
+		wantErr      error
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "fast path: token matches existing",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("secret-token"),
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("secret-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      nil,
+			wantErr:      nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "MMDS match: token hash matches MMDS hash",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("old-token"),
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     keys.HashAccessToken("new-token"),
+			mmdsErr:      nil,
+			wantErr:      nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "first-time setup: no existing token, MMDS error",
+			accessToken:  nil,
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      assert.AnError,
+			wantErr:      nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "first-time setup: no existing token, empty MMDS hash",
+			accessToken:  nil,
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      nil,
+			wantErr:      nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "first-time setup: both tokens nil, no MMDS",
+			accessToken:  nil,
+			requestToken: nil,
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      assert.AnError,
+			wantErr:      nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "mismatch: existing token differs from request, no MMDS",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("wrong-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      assert.AnError,
+			wantErr:      ErrAccessTokenMismatch,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "mismatch: existing token differs from request, MMDS hash mismatch",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			requestToken: secureTokenPtr("wrong-token"),
+			mmdsHash:     keys.HashAccessToken("different-token"),
+			mmdsErr:      nil,
+			wantErr:      ErrAccessTokenMismatch,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "conflict: existing token, nil request, MMDS exists",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			requestToken: nil,
+			mmdsHash:     keys.HashAccessToken("some-token"),
+			mmdsErr:      nil,
+			wantErr:      ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "conflict: existing token, nil request, no MMDS",
+			accessToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			requestToken: nil,
+			mmdsHash:     "",
+			mmdsErr:      assert.AnError,
+			wantErr:      ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: tt.mmdsHash, err: tt.mmdsErr}
+			api := newTestAPI(tt.accessToken, mmdsClient)
+
+			err := api.validateInitAccessToken(ctx, tt.requestToken)
+
+			if tt.wantErr != nil {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				assert.ErrorIs(t, err, tt.wantErr)
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckMMDSHash(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ctx := t.Context()
+
+	t.Run("returns match when token hash equals MMDS hash", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		token := "my-secret-token"
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: keys.HashAccessToken(token), err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, secureTokenPtr(token))
+
+		assert.True(t, matches)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns no match when token hash differs from MMDS hash", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: keys.HashAccessToken("different-token"), err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, secureTokenPtr("my-token"))
+
+		assert.False(t, matches)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns exists but no match when request token is nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: keys.HashAccessToken("some-token"), err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, nil)
+
+		assert.False(t, matches)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false, false when MMDS returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, secureTokenPtr("any-token"))
+
+		assert.False(t, matches)
+		assert.False(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false, false when MMDS returns empty hash with non-nil request", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, secureTokenPtr("any-token"))
+
+		assert.False(t, matches)
+		assert.False(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false, false when MMDS returns empty hash with nil request", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, nil)
+
+		assert.False(t, matches)
+		assert.False(t, exists)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns true, true when MMDS returns hash of empty string with nil request (explicit reset)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: keys.HashAccessToken(""), err: nil}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		matches, exists := api.checkMMDSHash(ctx, nil)
+
+		assert.True(t, matches)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSetData(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	logger := zerolog.Nop()
+
+	t.Run("access token updates", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		tests := []struct {
+			name           string
+			existingToken  *SecureToken
+			requestToken   *SecureToken
+			mmdsHash       string
+			mmdsErr        error
+			wantErr        error
+			wantFinalToken *SecureToken
+		}{
+			{
+				name:           "first-time setup: sets initial token",
+				existingToken:  nil,
+				requestToken:   secureTokenPtr("initial-token"),
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        assert.AnError,
+				wantErr:        nil,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("initial-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "first-time setup: nil request token leaves token unset",
+				existingToken:  nil,
+				requestToken:   nil,
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        assert.AnError,
+				wantErr:        nil,
+				wantFinalToken: nil,
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "re-init with same token: token unchanged",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("same-token"),
+				requestToken:   secureTokenPtr("same-token"),
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        assert.AnError,
+				wantErr:        nil,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("same-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "resume with MMDS: updates token when hash matches",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("old-token"),
+				requestToken:   secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+				mmdsHash:       keys.HashAccessToken("new-token"),
+				mmdsErr:        nil,
+				wantErr:        nil,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "resume with MMDS: fails when hash doesn't match",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("old-token"),
+				requestToken:   secureTokenPtr("new-token"),
+				mmdsHash:       keys.HashAccessToken("different-token"),
+				mmdsErr:        nil,
+				wantErr:        ErrAccessTokenMismatch,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("old-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "fails when existing token and request token mismatch without MMDS",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+				requestToken:   secureTokenPtr("wrong-token"),
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        assert.AnError,
+				wantErr:        ErrAccessTokenMismatch,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "conflict when existing token but nil request token",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+				requestToken:   nil,
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        assert.AnError,
+				wantErr:        ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "conflict when existing token but nil request with MMDS present",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+				requestToken:   nil,
+				mmdsHash:       keys.HashAccessToken("some-token"),
+				mmdsErr:        nil,
+				wantErr:        ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "conflict when MMDS returns empty hash and request is nil (prevents unauthorized reset)",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+				requestToken:   nil,
+				mmdsHash:       "",
+				mmdsErr:        nil,
+				wantErr:        ErrAccessTokenResetNotAuthorized,
+				wantFinalToken: secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+			},
+			{
+				name:           "resets token when MMDS returns hash of empty string and request is nil (explicit reset)",
+				existingToken:  secureTokenPtr("existing-token"),
+				requestToken:   nil,
+				mmdsHash:       keys.HashAccessToken(""),
+				mmdsErr:        nil,
+				wantErr:        nil,
+				wantFinalToken: nil,
+			},
+		}
+
+		for _, tt := range tests {
+			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Parallel()
+				mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: tt.mmdsHash, err: tt.mmdsErr}
+				api := newTestAPI(tt.existingToken, mmdsClient)
+
+				data := PostInitJSONBody{
+					AccessToken: tt.requestToken,
+				}
+
+				err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+				if tt.wantErr != nil {
+					require.ErrorIs(t, err, tt.wantErr)
+				} else {
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+				}
+
+				if tt.wantFinalToken == nil {
+					assert.False(t, api.accessToken.IsSet(), "expected token to not be set")
+				} else {
+					require.True(t, api.accessToken.IsSet(), "expected token to be set")
+					assert.True(t, api.accessToken.EqualsSecure(tt.wantFinalToken), "expected token to match")
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sets environment variables", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		envVars := EnvVars{"FOO": "bar", "BAZ": "qux"}
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			EnvVars: &envVars,
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		val, ok := api.defaults.EnvVars.Load("FOO")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "bar", val)
+		val, ok = api.defaults.EnvVars.Load("BAZ")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "qux", val)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sets default user", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			DefaultUser: utilsShared.ToPtr("testuser"),
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "testuser", api.defaults.User)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("does not set default user when empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+		api.defaults.User = "original"
+
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			DefaultUser: utilsShared.ToPtr(""),
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "original", api.defaults.User)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sets default workdir", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			DefaultWorkdir: utilsShared.ToPtr("/home/user"),
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, api.defaults.Workdir)
+		assert.Equal(t, "/home/user", *api.defaults.Workdir)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("does not set default workdir when empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+		originalWorkdir := "/original"
+		api.defaults.Workdir = &originalWorkdir
+
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			DefaultWorkdir: utilsShared.ToPtr(""),
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, api.defaults.Workdir)
+		assert.Equal(t, "/original", *api.defaults.Workdir)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sets multiple fields at once", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		mmdsClient := &mockMMDSClient{hash: "", err: assert.AnError}
+		api := newTestAPI(nil, mmdsClient)
+
+		envVars := EnvVars{"KEY": "value"}
+		data := PostInitJSONBody{
+			AccessToken:    secureTokenPtr("token"),
+			DefaultUser:    utilsShared.ToPtr("user"),
+			DefaultWorkdir: utilsShared.ToPtr("/workdir"),
+			EnvVars:        &envVars,
+		}
+
+		err := api.SetData(ctx, logger, data)
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.True(t, api.accessToken.Equals("token"), "expected token to match")
+		assert.Equal(t, "user", api.defaults.User)
+		assert.Equal(t, "/workdir", *api.defaults.Workdir)
+		val, ok := api.defaults.EnvVars.Load("KEY")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "value", val)
+	})
+}

envd/internal/api/secure_token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/awnumar/memguard"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrTokenNotSet = errors.New("access token not set")
+	ErrTokenEmpty  = errors.New("empty token not allowed")
+)
+
+// SecureToken wraps memguard for secure token storage.
+// It uses LockedBuffer which provides memory locking, guard pages,
+// and secure zeroing on destroy.
+type SecureToken struct {
+	mu     sync.RWMutex
+	buffer *memguard.LockedBuffer
+}
+
+// Set securely replaces the token, destroying the old one first.
+// The old token memory is zeroed before the new token is stored.
+// The input byte slice is wiped after copying to secure memory.
+// Returns ErrTokenEmpty if token is empty - use Destroy() to clear the token instead.
+func (s *SecureToken) Set(token []byte) error {
+	if len(token) == 0 {
+		return ErrTokenEmpty
+	}
+
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Destroy old token first (zeros memory)
+	if s.buffer != nil {
+		s.buffer.Destroy()
+		s.buffer = nil
+	}
+
+	// Create new LockedBuffer from bytes (source slice is wiped by memguard)
+	s.buffer = memguard.NewBufferFromBytes(token)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler to securely parse a JSON string
+// directly into memguard, wiping the input bytes after copying.
+//
+// Access tokens are hex-encoded HMAC-SHA256 hashes (64 chars of [0-9a-f]),
+// so they never contain JSON escape sequences.
+func (s *SecureToken) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	// JSON strings are quoted, so minimum valid is `""` (2 bytes).
+	if len(data) < 2 || data[0] != '"' || data[len(data)-1] != '"' {
+		memguard.WipeBytes(data)
+
+		return errors.New("invalid secure token JSON string")
+	}
+
+	content := data[1 : len(data)-1]
+
+	// Access tokens are hex strings - reject if contains backslash
+	if bytes.ContainsRune(content, '\\') {
+		memguard.WipeBytes(data)
+
+		return errors.New("invalid secure token: unexpected escape sequence")
+	}
+
+	if len(content) == 0 {
+		memguard.WipeBytes(data)
+
+		return ErrTokenEmpty
+	}
+
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if s.buffer != nil {
+		s.buffer.Destroy()
+		s.buffer = nil
+	}
+
+	// Allocate secure buffer and copy directly into it
+	s.buffer = memguard.NewBuffer(len(content))
+	copy(s.buffer.Bytes(), content)
+
+	// Wipe the input data
+	memguard.WipeBytes(data)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// TakeFrom transfers the token from src to this SecureToken, destroying any
+// existing token. The source token is cleared after transfer.
+// This avoids copying the underlying bytes.
+func (s *SecureToken) TakeFrom(src *SecureToken) {
+	if src == nil || s == src {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Extract buffer from source
+	src.mu.Lock()
+	buffer := src.buffer
+	src.buffer = nil
+	src.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Install buffer in destination
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	if s.buffer != nil {
+		s.buffer.Destroy()
+	}
+	s.buffer = buffer
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// Equals checks if token matches using constant-time comparison.
+// Returns false if the receiver is nil.
+func (s *SecureToken) Equals(token string) bool {
+	if s == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if s.buffer == nil || !s.buffer.IsAlive() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return s.buffer.EqualTo([]byte(token))
+}
+
+// EqualsSecure compares this token with another SecureToken using constant-time comparison.
+// Returns false if either receiver or other is nil.
+func (s *SecureToken) EqualsSecure(other *SecureToken) bool {
+	if s == nil || other == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if s == other {
+		return s.IsSet()
+	}
+
+	// Get a copy of other's bytes (avoids holding two locks simultaneously)
+	otherBytes, err := other.Bytes()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	defer memguard.WipeBytes(otherBytes)
+
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if s.buffer == nil || !s.buffer.IsAlive() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return s.buffer.EqualTo(otherBytes)
+}
+
+// IsSet returns true if a token is stored.
+// Returns false if the receiver is nil.
+func (s *SecureToken) IsSet() bool {
+	if s == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	return s.buffer != nil && s.buffer.IsAlive()
+}
+
+// Bytes returns a copy of the token bytes (for signature generation).
+// The caller should zero the returned slice after use.
+// Returns ErrTokenNotSet if the receiver is nil.
+func (s *SecureToken) Bytes() ([]byte, error) {
+	if s == nil {
+		return nil, ErrTokenNotSet
+	}
+
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if s.buffer == nil || !s.buffer.IsAlive() {
+		return nil, ErrTokenNotSet
+	}
+
+	// Return a copy (unavoidable for signature generation)
+	src := s.buffer.Bytes()
+	result := make([]byte, len(src))
+	copy(result, src)
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// Destroy securely wipes the token from memory.
+// No-op if the receiver is nil.
+func (s *SecureToken) Destroy() {
+	if s == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if s.buffer != nil {
+		s.buffer.Destroy()
+		s.buffer = nil
+	}
+}

envd/internal/api/secure_token_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/awnumar/memguard"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSecureTokenSetAndEquals(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Initially not set
+	assert.False(t, st.IsSet(), "token should not be set initially")
+	assert.False(t, st.Equals("any-token"), "equals should return false when not set")
+
+	// Set token
+	err := st.Set([]byte("test-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, st.IsSet(), "token should be set after Set()")
+	assert.True(t, st.Equals("test-token"), "equals should return true for correct token")
+	assert.False(t, st.Equals("wrong-token"), "equals should return false for wrong token")
+	assert.False(t, st.Equals(""), "equals should return false for empty token")
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenReplace(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Set initial token
+	err := st.Set([]byte("first-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, st.Equals("first-token"))
+
+	// Replace with new token (old one should be destroyed)
+	err = st.Set([]byte("second-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, st.Equals("second-token"), "should match new token")
+	assert.False(t, st.Equals("first-token"), "should not match old token")
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenDestroy(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Set and then destroy
+	err := st.Set([]byte("test-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, st.IsSet())
+
+	st.Destroy()
+	assert.False(t, st.IsSet(), "token should not be set after Destroy()")
+	assert.False(t, st.Equals("test-token"), "equals should return false after Destroy()")
+
+	// Destroy on already destroyed should be safe
+	st.Destroy()
+	assert.False(t, st.IsSet())
+
+	// Nil receiver should be safe
+	var nilToken *SecureToken
+	assert.False(t, nilToken.IsSet(), "nil receiver should return false for IsSet()")
+	assert.False(t, nilToken.Equals("anything"), "nil receiver should return false for Equals()")
+	assert.False(t, nilToken.EqualsSecure(st), "nil receiver should return false for EqualsSecure()")
+	nilToken.Destroy() // should not panic
+
+	_, err = nilToken.Bytes()
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenNotSet, "nil receiver should return ErrTokenNotSet for Bytes()")
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Bytes should return error when not set
+	_, err := st.Bytes()
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenNotSet)
+
+	// Set token and get bytes
+	err = st.Set([]byte("test-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	bytes, err := st.Bytes()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte("test-token"), bytes)
+
+	// Zero out the bytes (as caller should do)
+	memguard.WipeBytes(bytes)
+
+	// Original should still be intact
+	assert.True(t, st.Equals("test-token"), "original token should still work after zeroing copy")
+
+	// After destroy, bytes should fail
+	st.Destroy()
+	_, err = st.Bytes()
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenNotSet)
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+	err := st.Set([]byte("initial-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	const numGoroutines = 100
+
+	// Concurrent reads
+	for range numGoroutines {
+		wg.Go(func() {
+			st.IsSet()
+			st.Equals("initial-token")
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Concurrent writes
+	for i := range 10 {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(idx int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			st.Set([]byte("token-" + string(rune('a'+idx))))
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	// Should still be in a valid state
+	assert.True(t, st.IsSet())
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenEmptyToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Setting empty token should return an error
+	err := st.Set([]byte{})
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenEmpty)
+	assert.False(t, st.IsSet(), "token should not be set after empty token error")
+
+	// Setting nil should also return an error
+	err = st.Set(nil)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenEmpty)
+	assert.False(t, st.IsSet(), "token should not be set after nil token error")
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenEmptyTokenDoesNotClearExisting(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	st := &SecureToken{}
+
+	// Set a valid token first
+	err := st.Set([]byte("valid-token"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, st.IsSet())
+
+	// Attempting to set empty token should fail and preserve existing token
+	err = st.Set([]byte{})
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenEmpty)
+	assert.True(t, st.IsSet(), "existing token should be preserved after empty token error")
+	assert.True(t, st.Equals("valid-token"), "existing token value should be unchanged")
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenUnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("unmarshals valid JSON string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`"my-secret-token"`))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.True(t, st.IsSet())
+		assert.True(t, st.Equals("my-secret-token"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for empty string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`""`))
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrTokenEmpty)
+		assert.False(t, st.IsSet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for invalid JSON", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`not-valid-json`))
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.False(t, st.IsSet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("replaces existing token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.Set([]byte("old-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		err = st.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`"new-token"`))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.True(t, st.Equals("new-token"))
+		assert.False(t, st.Equals("old-token"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("wipes input buffer after parsing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Create a buffer with a known token
+		input := []byte(`"secret-token-12345"`)
+		original := make([]byte, len(input))
+		copy(original, input)
+
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON(input)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify the token was stored correctly
+		assert.True(t, st.Equals("secret-token-12345"))
+
+		// Verify the input buffer was wiped (all zeros)
+		for i, b := range input {
+			assert.Equal(t, byte(0), b, "byte at position %d should be zero, got %d", i, b)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("wipes input buffer on error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Create a buffer with an empty token (will error)
+		input := []byte(`""`)
+
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON(input)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+
+		// Verify the input buffer was still wiped
+		for i, b := range input {
+			assert.Equal(t, byte(0), b, "byte at position %d should be zero, got %d", i, b)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rejects escape sequences", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`"token\nwith\nnewlines"`))
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "escape sequence")
+		assert.False(t, st.IsSet())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenSetWipesInput(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("wipes input buffer after storing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Create a buffer with a known token
+		input := []byte("my-secret-token")
+		original := make([]byte, len(input))
+		copy(original, input)
+
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.Set(input)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify the token was stored correctly
+		assert.True(t, st.Equals("my-secret-token"))
+
+		// Verify the input buffer was wiped (all zeros)
+		for i, b := range input {
+			assert.Equal(t, byte(0), b, "byte at position %d should be zero, got %d", i, b)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenTakeFrom(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("transfers token from source to destination", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		src := &SecureToken{}
+		err := src.Set([]byte("source-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		dst := &SecureToken{}
+		dst.TakeFrom(src)
+
+		assert.True(t, dst.IsSet())
+		assert.True(t, dst.Equals("source-token"))
+		assert.False(t, src.IsSet(), "source should be empty after transfer")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("replaces existing destination token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		src := &SecureToken{}
+		err := src.Set([]byte("new-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		dst := &SecureToken{}
+		err = dst.Set([]byte("old-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		dst.TakeFrom(src)
+
+		assert.True(t, dst.Equals("new-token"))
+		assert.False(t, dst.Equals("old-token"))
+		assert.False(t, src.IsSet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles nil source", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		dst := &SecureToken{}
+		err := dst.Set([]byte("existing-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		dst.TakeFrom(nil)
+
+		assert.True(t, dst.IsSet(), "destination should be unchanged with nil source")
+		assert.True(t, dst.Equals("existing-token"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles empty source", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		src := &SecureToken{}
+		dst := &SecureToken{}
+		err := dst.Set([]byte("existing-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		dst.TakeFrom(src)
+
+		assert.False(t, dst.IsSet(), "destination should be cleared when source is empty")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("self-transfer is no-op and does not deadlock", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.Set([]byte("token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		st.TakeFrom(st)
+
+		assert.True(t, st.IsSet(), "token should remain set after self-transfer")
+		assert.True(t, st.Equals("token"), "token value should be unchanged")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSecureTokenEqualsSecure(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("returns true for matching tokens", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st1 := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st1.Set([]byte("same-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		st2 := &SecureToken{}
+		err = st2.Set([]byte("same-token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.True(t, st1.EqualsSecure(st2))
+		assert.True(t, st2.EqualsSecure(st1))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("concurrent TakeFrom and EqualsSecure do not deadlock", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// This test verifies the fix for the lock ordering deadlock bug.
+
+		const iterations = 100
+
+		for range iterations {
+			a := &SecureToken{}
+			err := a.Set([]byte("token-a"))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			b := &SecureToken{}
+			err = b.Set([]byte("token-b"))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			var wg sync.WaitGroup
+			wg.Add(2)
+
+			// Goroutine 1: a.TakeFrom(b)
+			go func() {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				a.TakeFrom(b)
+			}()
+
+			// Goroutine 2: b.EqualsSecure(a)
+			go func() {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				b.EqualsSecure(a)
+			}()
+
+			wg.Wait()
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false for different tokens", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st1 := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st1.Set([]byte("token-a"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		st2 := &SecureToken{}
+		err = st2.Set([]byte("token-b"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.False(t, st1.EqualsSecure(st2))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when comparing with nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.Set([]byte("token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.False(t, st.EqualsSecure(nil))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when other is not set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st1 := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st1.Set([]byte("token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		st2 := &SecureToken{}
+
+		assert.False(t, st1.EqualsSecure(st2))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when self is not set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st1 := &SecureToken{}
+
+		st2 := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st2.Set([]byte("token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.False(t, st1.EqualsSecure(st2))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("self-comparison returns true when set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+		err := st.Set([]byte("token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.True(t, st.EqualsSecure(st), "self-comparison should return true and not deadlock")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("self-comparison returns false when not set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		st := &SecureToken{}
+
+		assert.False(t, st.EqualsSecure(st), "self-comparison on unset token should return false")
+	})
+}

envd/internal/api/store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/host"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+// MMDSClient provides access to MMDS metadata.
+type MMDSClient interface {
+	GetAccessTokenHash(ctx context.Context) (string, error)
+}
+
+// DefaultMMDSClient is the production implementation that calls the real MMDS endpoint.
+type DefaultMMDSClient struct{}
+
+func (c *DefaultMMDSClient) GetAccessTokenHash(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	return host.GetAccessTokenHashFromMMDS(ctx)
+}
+
+type API struct {
+	isNotFC     bool
+	logger      *zerolog.Logger
+	accessToken *SecureToken
+	defaults    *execcontext.Defaults
+
+	mmdsChan      chan *host.MMDSOpts
+	hyperloopLock sync.Mutex
+	mmdsClient    MMDSClient
+
+	lastSetTime *utils.AtomicMax
+	initLock    sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func New(l *zerolog.Logger, defaults *execcontext.Defaults, mmdsChan chan *host.MMDSOpts, isNotFC bool) *API {
+	return &API{
+		logger:      l,
+		defaults:    defaults,
+		mmdsChan:    mmdsChan,
+		isNotFC:     isNotFC,
+		mmdsClient:  &DefaultMMDSClient{},
+		lastSetTime: utils.NewAtomicMax(),
+		accessToken: &SecureToken{},
+	}
+}
+
+func (a *API) GetHealth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	defer r.Body.Close()
+
+	a.logger.Trace().Msg("Health check")
+
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "")
+
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+func (a *API) GetMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	defer r.Body.Close()
+
+	a.logger.Trace().Msg("Get metrics")
+
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	metrics, err := host.GetMetrics()
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Msg("Failed to get metrics")
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(metrics); err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Msg("Failed to encode metrics")
+	}
+}
+
+func (a *API) getLogger(err error) *zerolog.Event {
+	if err != nil {
+		return a.logger.Error().Err(err) //nolint:zerologlint // this is only prep
+	}
+
+	return a.logger.Info() //nolint:zerologlint // this is only prep
+}

envd/internal/api/upload.go

@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+var ErrNoDiskSpace = fmt.Errorf("not enough disk space available")
+
+func processFile(r *http.Request, path string, part io.Reader, uid, gid int, logger zerolog.Logger) (int, error) {
+	logger.Debug().
+		Str("path", path).
+		Msg("File processing")
+
+	err := permissions.EnsureDirs(filepath.Dir(path), uid, gid)
+	if err != nil {
+		err := fmt.Errorf("error ensuring directories: %w", err)
+
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+	}
+
+	canBePreChowned := false
+	stat, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		errMsg := fmt.Errorf("error getting file info: %w", err)
+
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, errMsg
+	} else if err == nil {
+		if stat.IsDir() {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("path is a directory: %s", path)
+
+			return http.StatusBadRequest, err
+		}
+		canBePreChowned = true
+	}
+
+	hasBeenChowned := false
+	if canBePreChowned {
+		err = os.Chown(path, uid, gid)
+		if err != nil {
+			if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				err = fmt.Errorf("error changing file ownership: %w", err)
+
+				return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+			}
+		} else {
+			hasBeenChowned = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0o666)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, syscall.ENOSPC) {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("not enough inodes available: %w", err)
+
+			return http.StatusInsufficientStorage, err
+		}
+
+		err := fmt.Errorf("error opening file: %w", err)
+
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+	}
+
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	if !hasBeenChowned {
+		err = os.Chown(path, uid, gid)
+		if err != nil {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("error changing file ownership: %w", err)
+
+			return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err = file.ReadFrom(part)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, syscall.ENOSPC) {
+			err = ErrNoDiskSpace
+			if r.ContentLength > 0 {
+				err = fmt.Errorf("attempted to write %d bytes: %w", r.ContentLength, err)
+			}
+
+			return http.StatusInsufficientStorage, err
+		}
+
+		err = fmt.Errorf("error writing file: %w", err)
+
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+	}
+
+	return http.StatusNoContent, nil
+}
+
+func resolvePath(part *multipart.Part, paths *UploadSuccess, u *user.User, defaultPath *string, params PostFilesParams) (string, error) {
+	var pathToResolve string
+
+	if params.Path != nil {
+		pathToResolve = *params.Path
+	} else {
+		var err error
+		customPart := utils.NewCustomPart(part)
+		pathToResolve, err = customPart.FileNameWithPath()
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("error getting multipart custom part file name: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	filePath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(pathToResolve, u, defaultPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("error resolving path: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, entry := range *paths {
+		if entry.Path == filePath {
+			var alreadyUploaded []string
+			for _, uploadedFile := range *paths {
+				if uploadedFile.Path != filePath {
+					alreadyUploaded = append(alreadyUploaded, uploadedFile.Path)
+				}
+			}
+
+			errMsg := fmt.Errorf("you cannot upload multiple files to the same path '%s' in one upload request, only the first specified file was uploaded", filePath)
+
+			if len(alreadyUploaded) > 1 {
+				errMsg = fmt.Errorf("%w, also the following files were uploaded: %v", errMsg, strings.Join(alreadyUploaded, ", "))
+			}
+
+			return "", errMsg
+		}
+	}
+
+	return filePath, nil
+}
+
+func (a *API) handlePart(r *http.Request, part *multipart.Part, paths UploadSuccess, u *user.User, uid, gid int, operationID string, params PostFilesParams) (*EntryInfo, int, error) {
+	defer part.Close()
+
+	if part.FormName() != "file" {
+		return nil, http.StatusOK, nil
+	}
+
+	filePath, err := resolvePath(part, &paths, u, a.defaults.Workdir, params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, http.StatusBadRequest, err
+	}
+
+	logger := a.logger.
+		With().
+		Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).
+		Str("event_type", "file_processing").
+		Logger()
+
+	status, err := processFile(r, filePath, part, uid, gid, logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, status, err
+	}
+
+	return &EntryInfo{
+		Path: filePath,
+		Name: filepath.Base(filePath),
+		Type: File,
+	}, http.StatusOK, nil
+}
+
+func (a *API) PostFiles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params PostFilesParams) {
+	// Capture original body to ensure it's always closed
+	originalBody := r.Body
+	defer originalBody.Close()
+
+	var errorCode int
+	var errMsg error
+
+	var path string
+	if params.Path != nil {
+		path = *params.Path
+	}
+
+	operationID := logs.AssignOperationID()
+
+	// signing authorization if needed
+	err := a.validateSigning(r, params.Signature, params.SignatureExpiration, params.Username, path, SigningWriteOperation)
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("error during auth validation")
+		jsonError(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, err)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	username, err := execcontext.ResolveDefaultUsername(params.Username, a.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logger.Error().Err(err).Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).Msg("no user specified")
+		jsonError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		l := a.logger.
+			Err(errMsg).
+			Str("method", r.Method+" "+r.URL.Path).
+			Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).
+			Str("path", path).
+			Str("username", username)
+
+		if errMsg != nil {
+			l = l.Int("error_code", errorCode)
+		}
+
+		l.Msg("File write")
+	}()
+
+	// Handle gzip-encoded request body
+	body, err := getDecompressedBody(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error decompressing request body: %w", err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusBadRequest
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+	defer body.Close()
+	r.Body = body
+
+	f, err := r.MultipartReader()
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error parsing multipart form: %w", err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusInternalServerError
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	u, err := user.Lookup(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error looking up user '%s': %w", username, err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusUnauthorized
+
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	uid, gid, err := permissions.GetUserIdInts(u)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error getting user ids: %w", err)
+
+		jsonError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	paths := UploadSuccess{}
+
+	for {
+		part, partErr := f.NextPart()
+
+		if partErr == io.EOF {
+			// We're done reading the parts.
+			break
+		} else if partErr != nil {
+			errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error reading form: %w", partErr)
+			errorCode = http.StatusInternalServerError
+			jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+			break
+		}
+
+		entry, status, err := a.handlePart(r, part, paths, u, uid, gid, operationID, params)
+		if err != nil {
+			errorCode = status
+			errMsg = err
+			jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		if entry != nil {
+			paths = append(paths, *entry)
+		}
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(paths)
+	if err != nil {
+		errMsg = fmt.Errorf("error marshaling response: %w", err)
+		errorCode = http.StatusInternalServerError
+		jsonError(w, errorCode, errMsg)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	_, _ = w.Write(data)
+}

envd/internal/api/upload_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestProcessFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	uid := os.Getuid()
+	gid := os.Getgid()
+
+	newRequest := func(content []byte) (*http.Request, io.Reader) {
+		request := &http.Request{
+			ContentLength: int64(len(content)),
+		}
+		buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(content)
+
+		return request, buffer
+	}
+
+	var emptyReq http.Request
+	var emptyPart *bytes.Buffer
+	var emptyLogger zerolog.Logger
+
+	t.Run("failed to ensure directories", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(&emptyReq, "/proc/invalid/not-real", emptyPart, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, httpStatus)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "error ensuring directories: ")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("attempt to replace directory with a file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		tempDir := t.TempDir()
+
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(&emptyReq, tempDir, emptyPart, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, httpStatus, err.Error())
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "path is a directory: ")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("fail to create file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(&emptyReq, "/proc/invalid-filename", emptyPart, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, httpStatus)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "error opening file: ")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("out of disk space", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// make a tiny tmpfs mount
+		mountSize := 1024
+		tempDir := createTmpfsMount(t, mountSize)
+
+		// create test file
+		firstFileSize := mountSize / 2
+		tempFile1 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file-1")
+
+		// fill it up
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(),
+			"dd", "if=/dev/zero", "of="+tempFile1, fmt.Sprintf("bs=%d", firstFileSize), "count=1")
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// create a new file that would fill up the
+		secondFileContents := make([]byte, mountSize*2)
+		for index := range secondFileContents {
+			secondFileContents[index] = 'a'
+		}
+
+		// try to replace it
+		request, buffer := newRequest(secondFileContents)
+		tempFile2 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file-2")
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile2, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInsufficientStorage, httpStatus)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "attempted to write 2048 bytes: not enough disk space")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("happy path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		tempDir := t.TempDir()
+		tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file")
+
+		content := []byte("test-file-contents")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(content)
+
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, httpStatus)
+
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(tempFile)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, content, data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("overwrite file on full disk", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// make a tiny tmpfs mount
+		sizeInBytes := 1024
+		tempDir := createTmpfsMount(t, 1024)
+
+		// create test file
+		tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file")
+
+		// fill it up
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), "dd", "if=/dev/zero", "of="+tempFile, fmt.Sprintf("bs=%d", sizeInBytes), "count=1")
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// try to replace it
+		content := []byte("test-file-contents")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(content)
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, httpStatus)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("write new file on full disk", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// make a tiny tmpfs mount
+		sizeInBytes := 1024
+		tempDir := createTmpfsMount(t, 1024)
+
+		// create test file
+		tempFile1 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file")
+
+		// fill it up
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), "dd", "if=/dev/zero", "of="+tempFile1, fmt.Sprintf("bs=%d", sizeInBytes), "count=1")
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// try to write a new file
+		tempFile2 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file-2")
+		content := []byte("test-file-contents")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(content)
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile2, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "not enough disk space available")
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInsufficientStorage, httpStatus)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("write new file with no inodes available", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// make a tiny tmpfs mount
+		tempDir := createTmpfsMountWithInodes(t, 1024, 2)
+
+		// create test file
+		tempFile1 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file")
+
+		// fill it up
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), "dd", "if=/dev/zero", "of="+tempFile1, fmt.Sprintf("bs=%d", 100), "count=1")
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// try to write a new file
+		tempFile2 := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file-2")
+		content := []byte("test-file-contents")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(content)
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile2, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "not enough inodes available")
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInsufficientStorage, httpStatus)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("update sysfs or other virtual fs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
+			t.Skip("skipping sysfs updates: Operation not permitted with non-root user")
+		}
+
+		filePath := "/sys/fs/cgroup/user.slice/cpu.weight"
+		newContent := []byte("102\n")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(newContent)
+
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, filePath, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, httpStatus)
+
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, newContent, data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("replace file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		tempDir := t.TempDir()
+		tempFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, "test-file")
+
+		err := os.WriteFile(tempFile, []byte("old-contents"), 0o644)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		newContent := []byte("new-file-contents")
+		request, buffer := newRequest(newContent)
+
+		httpStatus, err := processFile(request, tempFile, buffer, uid, gid, emptyLogger)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, httpStatus)
+
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(tempFile)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, newContent, data)
+	})
+}
+
+func createTmpfsMount(t *testing.T, sizeInBytes int) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	return createTmpfsMountWithInodes(t, sizeInBytes, 5)
+}
+
+func createTmpfsMountWithInodes(t *testing.T, sizeInBytes, inodesCount int) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
+		t.Skip("skipping sysfs updates: Operation not permitted with non-root user")
+	}
+
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(),
+		"mount",
+		"tmpfs",
+		tempDir,
+		"-t", "tmpfs",
+		"-o", fmt.Sprintf("size=%d,nr_inodes=%d", sizeInBytes, inodesCount))
+	err := cmd.Run()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		ctx := context.WithoutCancel(t.Context())
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "umount", tempDir)
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	return tempDir
+}

envd/internal/execcontext/context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package execcontext
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+type Defaults struct {
+	EnvVars *utils.Map[string, string]
+	User    string
+	Workdir *string
+}
+
+func ResolveDefaultWorkdir(workdir string, defaultWorkdir *string) string {
+	if workdir != "" {
+		return workdir
+	}
+
+	if defaultWorkdir != nil {
+		return *defaultWorkdir
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+func ResolveDefaultUsername(username *string, defaultUsername string) (string, error) {
+	if username != nil {
+		return *username, nil
+	}
+
+	if defaultUsername != "" {
+		return defaultUsername, nil
+	}
+
+	return "", errors.New("username not provided")
+}

envd/internal/host/metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Modifications by M/S Omukk
+
+package host
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/cpu"
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/mem"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+type Metrics struct {
+	Timestamp int64 `json:"ts"` // Unix Timestamp in UTC
+
+	CPUCount       uint32  `json:"cpu_count"`    // Total CPU cores
+	CPUUsedPercent float32 `json:"cpu_used_pct"` // Percent rounded to 2 decimal places
+
+	// Deprecated: kept for backwards compatibility with older orchestrators.
+	MemTotalMiB uint64 `json:"mem_total_mib"` // Total virtual memory in MiB
+
+	// Deprecated: kept for backwards compatibility with older orchestrators.
+	MemUsedMiB uint64 `json:"mem_used_mib"` // Used virtual memory in MiB
+
+	MemTotal uint64 `json:"mem_total"` // Total virtual memory in bytes
+	MemUsed  uint64 `json:"mem_used"`  // Used virtual memory in bytes
+
+	DiskUsed  uint64 `json:"disk_used"`  // Used disk space in bytes
+	DiskTotal uint64 `json:"disk_total"` // Total disk space in bytes
+}
+
+func GetMetrics() (*Metrics, error) {
+	v, err := mem.VirtualMemory()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	memUsedMiB := v.Used / 1024 / 1024
+	memTotalMiB := v.Total / 1024 / 1024
+
+	cpuTotal, err := cpu.Counts(true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cpuUsedPcts, err := cpu.Percent(0, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cpuUsedPct := cpuUsedPcts[0]
+	cpuUsedPctRounded := float32(cpuUsedPct)
+	if cpuUsedPct > 0 {
+		cpuUsedPctRounded = float32(math.Round(cpuUsedPct*100) / 100)
+	}
+
+	diskMetrics, err := diskStats("/")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &Metrics{
+		Timestamp:      time.Now().UTC().Unix(),
+		CPUCount:       uint32(cpuTotal),
+		CPUUsedPercent: cpuUsedPctRounded,
+		MemUsedMiB:     memUsedMiB,
+		MemTotalMiB:    memTotalMiB,
+		MemTotal:       v.Total,
+		MemUsed:        v.Used,
+		DiskUsed:       diskMetrics.Total - diskMetrics.Available,
+		DiskTotal:      diskMetrics.Total,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type diskSpace struct {
+	Total     uint64
+	Available uint64
+}
+
+func diskStats(path string) (diskSpace, error) {
+	var st unix.Statfs_t
+	if err := unix.Statfs(path, &st); err != nil {
+		return diskSpace{}, err
+	}
+
+	block := uint64(st.Bsize)
+
+	// all data blocks
+	total := st.Blocks * block
+	// blocks available
+	available := st.Bavail * block
+
+	return diskSpace{Total: total, Available: available}, nil
+}

envd/internal/host/mmds.go

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Modifications by M/S Omukk
+
+package host
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+const (
+	WrennRunDir = "/run/wrenn" // store sandbox metadata files here
+
+	mmdsDefaultAddress  = "169.254.169.254"
+	mmdsTokenExpiration = 60 * time.Second
+
+	mmdsAccessTokenRequestClientTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+)
+
+var mmdsAccessTokenClient = &http.Client{
+	Timeout: mmdsAccessTokenRequestClientTimeout,
+	Transport: &http.Transport{
+		DisableKeepAlives: true,
+	},
+}
+
+type MMDSOpts struct {
+	SandboxID            string `json:"instanceID"`
+	TemplateID           string `json:"envID"`
+	LogsCollectorAddress string `json:"address"`
+	AccessTokenHash      string `json:"accessTokenHash"`
+}
+
+func (opts *MMDSOpts) Update(sandboxID, templateID, collectorAddress string) {
+	opts.SandboxID = sandboxID
+	opts.TemplateID = templateID
+	opts.LogsCollectorAddress = collectorAddress
+}
+
+func (opts *MMDSOpts) AddOptsToJSON(jsonLogs []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	parsed := make(map[string]any)
+
+	err := json.Unmarshal(jsonLogs, &parsed)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	parsed["instanceID"] = opts.SandboxID
+	parsed["envID"] = opts.TemplateID
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(parsed)
+
+	return data, err
+}
+
+func getMMDSToken(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client) (string, error) {
+	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPut, "http://"+mmdsDefaultAddress+"/latest/api/token", &bytes.Buffer{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	request.Header["X-metadata-token-ttl-seconds"] = []string{fmt.Sprint(mmdsTokenExpiration.Seconds())}
+
+	response, err := client.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	token := string(body)
+
+	if len(token) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("mmds token is an empty string")
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}
+
+func getMMDSOpts(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, token string) (*MMDSOpts, error) {
+	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, "http://"+mmdsDefaultAddress, &bytes.Buffer{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	request.Header["X-metadata-token"] = []string{token}
+	request.Header["Accept"] = []string{"application/json"}
+
+	response, err := client.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var opts MMDSOpts
+
+	err = json.Unmarshal(body, &opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &opts, nil
+}
+
+// GetAccessTokenHashFromMMDS reads the access token hash from MMDS.
+// This is used to validate that /init requests come from the orchestrator.
+func GetAccessTokenHashFromMMDS(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	token, err := getMMDSToken(ctx, mmdsAccessTokenClient)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get MMDS token: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	opts, err := getMMDSOpts(ctx, mmdsAccessTokenClient, token)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get MMDS opts: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return opts.AccessTokenHash, nil
+}
+
+func PollForMMDSOpts(ctx context.Context, mmdsChan chan<- *MMDSOpts, envVars *utils.Map[string, string]) {
+	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+	defer httpClient.CloseIdleConnections()
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "context cancelled while waiting for mmds opts")
+
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			token, err := getMMDSToken(ctx, httpClient)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error getting mmds token: %v\n", err)
+
+				continue
+			}
+
+			mmdsOpts, err := getMMDSOpts(ctx, httpClient, token)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error getting mmds opts: %v\n", err)
+
+				continue
+			}
+
+			envVars.Store("WRENN_SANDBOX_ID", mmdsOpts.SandboxID)
+			envVars.Store("WRENN_TEMPLATE_ID", mmdsOpts.TemplateID)
+
+			if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(WrennRunDir, ".WRENN_SANDBOX_ID"), []byte(mmdsOpts.SandboxID), 0o666); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error writing sandbox ID file: %v\n", err)
+			}
+			if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(WrennRunDir, ".WRENN_TEMPLATE_ID"), []byte(mmdsOpts.TemplateID), 0o666); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error writing template ID file: %v\n", err)
+			}
+
+			if mmdsOpts.LogsCollectorAddress != "" {
+				mmdsChan <- mmdsOpts
+			}
+
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}

envd/internal/logs/bufferedEvents.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package logs
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultMaxBufferSize = 2 << 15
+	defaultTimeout       = 2 * time.Second
+)
+
+func LogBufferedDataEvents(dataCh <-chan []byte, logger *zerolog.Logger, eventType string) {
+	timer := time.NewTicker(defaultTimeout)
+	defer timer.Stop()
+
+	var buffer []byte
+	defer func() {
+		if len(buffer) > 0 {
+			logger.Info().Str(eventType, string(buffer)).Msg("Streaming process event (flush)")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-timer.C:
+			if len(buffer) > 0 {
+				logger.Info().Str(eventType, string(buffer)).Msg("Streaming process event")
+				buffer = nil
+			}
+		case data, ok := <-dataCh:
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+
+			buffer = append(buffer, data...)
+
+			if len(buffer) >= defaultMaxBufferSize {
+				logger.Info().Str(eventType, string(buffer)).Msg("Streaming process event")
+				buffer = nil
+
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

envd/internal/logs/exporter/exporter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package exporter
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/host"
+)
+
+const ExporterTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+
+type HTTPExporter struct {
+	client   http.Client
+	logs     [][]byte
+	isNotFC  bool
+	mmdsOpts *host.MMDSOpts
+
+	// Concurrency coordination
+	triggers  chan struct{}
+	logLock   sync.RWMutex
+	mmdsLock  sync.RWMutex
+	startOnce sync.Once
+}
+
+func NewHTTPLogsExporter(ctx context.Context, isNotFC bool, mmdsChan <-chan *host.MMDSOpts) *HTTPExporter {
+	exporter := &HTTPExporter{
+		client: http.Client{
+			Timeout: ExporterTimeout,
+		},
+		triggers:  make(chan struct{}, 1),
+		isNotFC:   isNotFC,
+		startOnce: sync.Once{},
+		mmdsOpts: &host.MMDSOpts{
+			SandboxID:            "unknown",
+			TemplateID:           "unknown",
+			LogsCollectorAddress: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	go exporter.listenForMMDSOptsAndStart(ctx, mmdsChan)
+
+	return exporter
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) sendInstanceLogs(ctx context.Context, logs []byte, address string) error {
+	if address == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, address, bytes.NewBuffer(logs))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	response, err := w.client.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func printLog(logs []byte) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "%v", string(logs))
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) listenForMMDSOptsAndStart(ctx context.Context, mmdsChan <-chan *host.MMDSOpts) {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case mmdsOpts, ok := <-mmdsChan:
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+
+			w.mmdsLock.Lock()
+			w.mmdsOpts.Update(mmdsOpts.SandboxID, mmdsOpts.TemplateID, mmdsOpts.LogsCollectorAddress)
+			w.mmdsLock.Unlock()
+
+			w.startOnce.Do(func() {
+				go w.start(ctx)
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) start(ctx context.Context) {
+	for range w.triggers {
+		logs := w.getAllLogs()
+
+		if len(logs) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if w.isNotFC {
+			for _, log := range logs {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "%v", string(log))
+			}
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, logLine := range logs {
+			w.mmdsLock.RLock()
+			logLineWithOpts, err := w.mmdsOpts.AddOptsToJSON(logLine)
+			w.mmdsLock.RUnlock()
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("error adding instance logging options (%+v) to JSON (%+v) with logs : %v\n", w.mmdsOpts, logLine, err)
+
+				printLog(logLine)
+
+				continue
+			}
+
+			err = w.sendInstanceLogs(ctx, logLineWithOpts, w.mmdsOpts.LogsCollectorAddress)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("error sending instance logs: %+v", err)
+
+				printLog(logLine)
+
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) resumeProcessing() {
+	select {
+	case w.triggers <- struct{}{}:
+	default:
+		// Exporter processing already triggered
+		// This is expected behavior if the exporter is already processing logs
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) Write(logs []byte) (int, error) {
+	logsCopy := make([]byte, len(logs))
+	copy(logsCopy, logs)
+
+	go w.addLogs(logsCopy)
+
+	return len(logs), nil
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) getAllLogs() [][]byte {
+	w.logLock.Lock()
+	defer w.logLock.Unlock()
+
+	logs := w.logs
+	w.logs = nil
+
+	return logs
+}
+
+func (w *HTTPExporter) addLogs(logs []byte) {
+	w.logLock.Lock()
+	defer w.logLock.Unlock()
+
+	w.logs = append(w.logs, logs)
+
+	w.resumeProcessing()
+}

envd/internal/logs/interceptor.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package logs
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+)
+
+type OperationID string
+
+const (
+	OperationIDKey    OperationID = "operation_id"
+	DefaultHTTPMethod string      = "POST"
+)
+
+var operationID = atomic.Int32{}
+
+func AssignOperationID() string {
+	id := operationID.Add(1)
+
+	return strconv.Itoa(int(id))
+}
+
+func AddRequestIDToContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
+	return context.WithValue(ctx, OperationIDKey, AssignOperationID())
+}
+
+func formatMethod(method string) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(method, ".")
+	if len(parts) < 2 {
+		return method
+	}
+
+	split := strings.Split(parts[1], "/")
+	if len(split) < 2 {
+		return method
+	}
+
+	servicePart := split[0]
+	servicePart = strings.ToUpper(servicePart[:1]) + servicePart[1:]
+
+	methodPart := split[1]
+	methodPart = strings.ToLower(methodPart[:1]) + methodPart[1:]
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", servicePart, methodPart)
+}
+
+func NewUnaryLogInterceptor(logger *zerolog.Logger) connect.UnaryInterceptorFunc {
+	interceptor := func(next connect.UnaryFunc) connect.UnaryFunc {
+		return connect.UnaryFunc(func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			req connect.AnyRequest,
+		) (connect.AnyResponse, error) {
+			ctx = AddRequestIDToContext(ctx)
+
+			res, err := next(ctx, req)
+
+			l := logger.
+				Err(err).
+				Str("method", DefaultHTTPMethod+" "+req.Spec().Procedure).
+				Str(string(OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(OperationIDKey).(string))
+
+			if err != nil {
+				l = l.Int("error_code", int(connect.CodeOf(err)))
+			}
+
+			if req != nil {
+				l = l.Interface("request", req.Any())
+			}
+
+			if res != nil && err == nil {
+				l = l.Interface("response", res.Any())
+			}
+
+			if res == nil && err == nil {
+				l = l.Interface("response", nil)
+			}
+
+			l.Msg(formatMethod(req.Spec().Procedure))
+
+			return res, err
+		})
+	}
+
+	return connect.UnaryInterceptorFunc(interceptor)
+}
+
+func LogServerStreamWithoutEvents[T any, R any](
+	ctx context.Context,
+	logger *zerolog.Logger,
+	req *connect.Request[R],
+	stream *connect.ServerStream[T],
+	handler func(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[R], stream *connect.ServerStream[T]) error,
+) error {
+	ctx = AddRequestIDToContext(ctx)
+
+	l := logger.Debug().
+		Str("method", DefaultHTTPMethod+" "+req.Spec().Procedure).
+		Str(string(OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(OperationIDKey).(string))
+
+	if req != nil {
+		l = l.Interface("request", req.Any())
+	}
+
+	l.Msg(fmt.Sprintf("%s (server stream start)", formatMethod(req.Spec().Procedure)))
+
+	err := handler(ctx, req, stream)
+
+	logEvent := getErrDebugLogEvent(logger, err).
+		Str("method", DefaultHTTPMethod+" "+req.Spec().Procedure).
+		Str(string(OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(OperationIDKey).(string))
+
+	if err != nil {
+		logEvent = logEvent.Int("error_code", int(connect.CodeOf(err)))
+	} else {
+		logEvent = logEvent.Interface("response", nil)
+	}
+
+	logEvent.Msg(fmt.Sprintf("%s (server stream end)", formatMethod(req.Spec().Procedure)))
+
+	return err
+}
+
+func LogClientStreamWithoutEvents[T any, R any](
+	ctx context.Context,
+	logger *zerolog.Logger,
+	stream *connect.ClientStream[T],
+	handler func(ctx context.Context, stream *connect.ClientStream[T]) (*connect.Response[R], error),
+) (*connect.Response[R], error) {
+	ctx = AddRequestIDToContext(ctx)
+
+	logger.Debug().
+		Str("method", DefaultHTTPMethod+" "+stream.Spec().Procedure).
+		Str(string(OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(OperationIDKey).(string)).
+		Msg(fmt.Sprintf("%s (client stream start)", formatMethod(stream.Spec().Procedure)))
+
+	res, err := handler(ctx, stream)
+
+	logEvent := getErrDebugLogEvent(logger, err).
+		Str("method", DefaultHTTPMethod+" "+stream.Spec().Procedure).
+		Str(string(OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(OperationIDKey).(string))
+
+	if err != nil {
+		logEvent = logEvent.Int("error_code", int(connect.CodeOf(err)))
+	}
+
+	if res != nil && err == nil {
+		logEvent = logEvent.Interface("response", res.Any())
+	}
+
+	if res == nil && err == nil {
+		logEvent = logEvent.Interface("response", nil)
+	}
+
+	logEvent.Msg(fmt.Sprintf("%s (client stream end)", formatMethod(stream.Spec().Procedure)))
+
+	return res, err
+}
+
+// Return logger with error level if err is not nil, otherwise return logger with debug level
+func getErrDebugLogEvent(logger *zerolog.Logger, err error) *zerolog.Event {
+	if err != nil {
+		return logger.Error().Err(err) //nolint:zerologlint // this builds an event, it is not expected to return it
+	}
+
+	return logger.Debug() //nolint:zerologlint // this builds an event, it is not expected to return it
+}

envd/internal/logs/logger.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package logs
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/host"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs/exporter"
+)
+
+func NewLogger(ctx context.Context, isNotFC bool, mmdsChan <-chan *host.MMDSOpts) *zerolog.Logger {
+	zerolog.TimestampFieldName = "timestamp"
+	zerolog.TimeFieldFormat = time.RFC3339Nano
+
+	exporters := []io.Writer{}
+
+	if isNotFC {
+		exporters = append(exporters, os.Stdout)
+	} else {
+		exporters = append(exporters, exporter.NewHTTPLogsExporter(ctx, isNotFC, mmdsChan), os.Stdout)
+	}
+
+	l := zerolog.
+		New(io.MultiWriter(exporters...)).
+		With().
+		Timestamp().
+		Logger().
+		Level(zerolog.DebugLevel)
+
+	return &l
+}

envd/internal/permissions/authenticate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package permissions
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os/user"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/authn"
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+)
+
+func AuthenticateUsername(_ context.Context, req authn.Request) (any, error) {
+	username, _, ok := req.BasicAuth()
+	if !ok {
+		// When no username is provided, ignore the authentication method (not all endpoints require it)
+		// Missing user is then handled in the GetAuthUser function
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	u, err := GetUser(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, authn.Errorf("invalid username: '%s'", username)
+	}
+
+	return u, nil
+}
+
+func GetAuthUser(ctx context.Context, defaultUser string) (*user.User, error) {
+	u, ok := authn.GetInfo(ctx).(*user.User)
+	if !ok {
+		username, err := execcontext.ResolveDefaultUsername(nil, defaultUser)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnauthenticated, fmt.Errorf("no user specified"))
+		}
+
+		u, err := GetUser(username)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, authn.Errorf("invalid default user: '%s'", username)
+		}
+
+		return u, nil
+	}
+
+	return u, nil
+}

envd/internal/permissions/keepalive.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package permissions
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+)
+
+const defaultKeepAliveInterval = 90 * time.Second
+
+func GetKeepAliveTicker[T any](req *connect.Request[T]) (*time.Ticker, func()) {
+	keepAliveIntervalHeader := req.Header().Get("Keepalive-Ping-Interval")
+
+	var interval time.Duration
+
+	keepAliveIntervalInt, err := strconv.Atoi(keepAliveIntervalHeader)
+	if err != nil {
+		interval = defaultKeepAliveInterval
+	} else {
+		interval = time.Duration(keepAliveIntervalInt) * time.Second
+	}
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+
+	return ticker, func() {
+		ticker.Reset(interval)
+	}
+}

envd/internal/permissions/path.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package permissions
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"slices"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+)
+
+func expand(path, homedir string) (string, error) {
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return path, nil
+	}
+
+	if path[0] != '~' {
+		return path, nil
+	}
+
+	if len(path) > 1 && path[1] != '/' && path[1] != '\\' {
+		return "", errors.New("cannot expand user-specific home dir")
+	}
+
+	return filepath.Join(homedir, path[1:]), nil
+}
+
+func ExpandAndResolve(path string, user *user.User, defaultPath *string) (string, error) {
+	path = execcontext.ResolveDefaultWorkdir(path, defaultPath)
+
+	path, err := expand(path, user.HomeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to expand path '%s' for user '%s': %w", path, user.Username, err)
+	}
+
+	if filepath.IsAbs(path) {
+		return path, nil
+	}
+
+	// The filepath.Abs can correctly resolve paths like /home/user/../file
+	path = filepath.Join(user.HomeDir, path)
+
+	abs, err := filepath.Abs(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve path '%s' for user '%s' with home dir '%s': %w", path, user.Username, user.HomeDir, err)
+	}
+
+	return abs, nil
+}
+
+func getSubpaths(path string) (subpaths []string) {
+	for {
+		subpaths = append(subpaths, path)
+
+		path = filepath.Dir(path)
+		if path == "/" {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	slices.Reverse(subpaths)
+
+	return subpaths
+}
+
+func EnsureDirs(path string, uid, gid int) error {
+	subpaths := getSubpaths(path)
+	for _, subpath := range subpaths {
+		info, err := os.Stat(subpath)
+		if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to stat directory: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			err = os.Mkdir(subpath, 0o755)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			err = os.Chown(subpath, uid, gid)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to chown directory: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if !info.IsDir() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("path is a file: %s", subpath)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

envd/internal/permissions/user.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package permissions
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os/user"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+func GetUserIdUints(u *user.User) (uid, gid uint32, err error) {
+	newUID, err := strconv.ParseUint(u.Uid, 10, 32)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("error parsing uid '%s': %w", u.Uid, err)
+	}
+
+	newGID, err := strconv.ParseUint(u.Gid, 10, 32)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("error parsing gid '%s': %w", u.Gid, err)
+	}
+
+	return uint32(newUID), uint32(newGID), nil
+}
+
+func GetUserIdInts(u *user.User) (uid, gid int, err error) {
+	newUID, err := strconv.ParseInt(u.Uid, 10, strconv.IntSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("error parsing uid '%s': %w", u.Uid, err)
+	}
+
+	newGID, err := strconv.ParseInt(u.Gid, 10, strconv.IntSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("error parsing gid '%s': %w", u.Gid, err)
+	}
+
+	return int(newUID), int(newGID), nil
+}
+
+func GetUser(username string) (u *user.User, err error) {
+	u, err = user.Lookup(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error looking up user '%s': %w", username, err)
+	}
+
+	return u, nil
+}

envd/internal/port/forward.go

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// portf (port forward) periodaically scans opened TCP ports on the 127.0.0.1 (or localhost)
+// and launches `socat` process for every such port in the background.
+// socat forward traffic from `sourceIP`:port to the 127.0.0.1:port.
+
+// WARNING: portf isn't thread safe!
+
+package port
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"os/exec"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/cgroups"
+)
+
+type PortState string
+
+const (
+	PortStateForward PortState = "FORWARD"
+	PortStateDelete  PortState = "DELETE"
+)
+
+var defaultGatewayIP = net.IPv4(169, 254, 0, 21)
+
+type PortToForward struct {
+	socat *exec.Cmd
+	// Process ID of the process that's listening on port.
+	pid int32
+	// family version of the ip.
+	family uint32
+	state  PortState
+	port   uint32
+}
+
+type Forwarder struct {
+	logger        *zerolog.Logger
+	cgroupManager cgroups.Manager
+	// Map of ports that are being currently forwarded.
+	ports             map[string]*PortToForward
+	scannerSubscriber *ScannerSubscriber
+	sourceIP          net.IP
+}
+
+func NewForwarder(
+	logger *zerolog.Logger,
+	scanner *Scanner,
+	cgroupManager cgroups.Manager,
+) *Forwarder {
+	scannerSub := scanner.AddSubscriber(
+		logger,
+		"port-forwarder",
+		// We only want to forward ports that are actively listening on localhost.
+		&ScannerFilter{
+			IPs:   []string{"127.0.0.1", "localhost", "::1"},
+			State: "LISTEN",
+		},
+	)
+
+	return &Forwarder{
+		logger:            logger,
+		sourceIP:          defaultGatewayIP,
+		ports:             make(map[string]*PortToForward),
+		scannerSubscriber: scannerSub,
+		cgroupManager:     cgroupManager,
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) StartForwarding(ctx context.Context) {
+	if f.scannerSubscriber == nil {
+		f.logger.Error().Msg("Cannot start forwarding because scanner subscriber is nil")
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	for {
+		// procs is an array of currently opened ports.
+		if procs, ok := <-f.scannerSubscriber.Messages; ok {
+			// Now we are going to refresh all ports that are being forwarded in the `ports` map. Maybe add new ones
+			// and maybe remove some.
+
+			// Go through the ports that are currently being forwarded and set all of them
+			// to the `DELETE` state. We don't know yet if they will be there after refresh.
+			for _, v := range f.ports {
+				v.state = PortStateDelete
+			}
+
+			// Let's refresh our map of currently forwarded ports and mark the currently opened ones with the "FORWARD" state.
+			// This will make sure we won't delete them later.
+			for _, p := range procs {
+				key := fmt.Sprintf("%d-%d", p.Pid, p.Laddr.Port)
+
+				// We check if the opened port is in our map of forwarded ports.
+				val, portOk := f.ports[key]
+				if portOk {
+					// Just mark the port as being forwarded so we don't delete it.
+					// The actual socat process that handles forwarding should be running from the last iteration.
+					val.state = PortStateForward
+				} else {
+					f.logger.Debug().
+						Str("ip", p.Laddr.IP).
+						Uint32("port", p.Laddr.Port).
+						Uint32("family", familyToIPVersion(p.Family)).
+						Str("state", p.Status).
+						Msg("Detected new opened port on localhost that is not forwarded")
+
+					// The opened port wasn't in the map so we create a new PortToForward and start forwarding.
+					ptf := &PortToForward{
+						pid:    p.Pid,
+						port:   p.Laddr.Port,
+						state:  PortStateForward,
+						family: familyToIPVersion(p.Family),
+					}
+					f.ports[key] = ptf
+					f.startPortForwarding(ctx, ptf)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// We go through the ports map one more time and stop forwarding all ports
+			// that stayed marked as "DELETE".
+			for _, v := range f.ports {
+				if v.state == PortStateDelete {
+					f.stopPortForwarding(v)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) startPortForwarding(ctx context.Context, p *PortToForward) {
+	// https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/311492/redirect-application-listening-on-localhost-to-listening-on-external-interface
+	// socat -d -d TCP4-LISTEN:4000,bind=169.254.0.21,fork TCP4:localhost:4000
+	// reuseaddr is used to fix the "Address already in use" error when restarting socat quickly.
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx,
+		"socat", "-d", "-d", "-d",
+		fmt.Sprintf("TCP4-LISTEN:%v,bind=%s,reuseaddr,fork", p.port, f.sourceIP.To4()),
+		fmt.Sprintf("TCP%d:localhost:%v", p.family, p.port),
+	)
+
+	cgroupFD, ok := f.cgroupManager.GetFileDescriptor(cgroups.ProcessTypeSocat)
+
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		Setpgid:     true,
+		CgroupFD:    cgroupFD,
+		UseCgroupFD: ok,
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Debug().
+		Str("socatCmd", cmd.String()).
+		Int32("pid", p.pid).
+		Uint32("family", p.family).
+		IPAddr("sourceIP", f.sourceIP.To4()).
+		Uint32("port", p.port).
+		Msg("About to start port forwarding")
+
+	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+		f.logger.
+			Error().
+			Str("socatCmd", cmd.String()).
+			Err(err).
+			Msg("Failed to start port forwarding - failed to start socat")
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.
+				Debug().
+				Str("socatCmd", cmd.String()).
+				Err(err).
+				Msg("Port forwarding socat process exited")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	p.socat = cmd
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) stopPortForwarding(p *PortToForward) {
+	if p.socat == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	defer func() { p.socat = nil }()
+
+	logger := f.logger.With().
+		Str("socatCmd", p.socat.String()).
+		Int32("pid", p.pid).
+		Uint32("family", p.family).
+		IPAddr("sourceIP", f.sourceIP.To4()).
+		Uint32("port", p.port).
+		Logger()
+
+	logger.Debug().Msg("Stopping port forwarding")
+
+	if err := syscall.Kill(-p.socat.Process.Pid, syscall.SIGKILL); err != nil {
+		logger.Error().Err(err).Msg("Failed to kill process group")
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	logger.Debug().Msg("Stopped port forwarding")
+}
+
+func familyToIPVersion(family uint32) uint32 {
+	switch family {
+	case syscall.AF_INET:
+		return 4
+	case syscall.AF_INET6:
+		return 6
+	default:
+		return 0 // Unknown or unsupported family
+	}
+}

envd/internal/port/scan.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package port
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/smap"
+)
+
+type Scanner struct {
+	Processes chan net.ConnectionStat
+	scanExit  chan struct{}
+	subs      *smap.Map[*ScannerSubscriber]
+	period    time.Duration
+}
+
+func (s *Scanner) Destroy() {
+	close(s.scanExit)
+}
+
+func NewScanner(period time.Duration) *Scanner {
+	return &Scanner{
+		period:    period,
+		subs:      smap.New[*ScannerSubscriber](),
+		scanExit:  make(chan struct{}),
+		Processes: make(chan net.ConnectionStat),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Scanner) AddSubscriber(logger *zerolog.Logger, id string, filter *ScannerFilter) *ScannerSubscriber {
+	subscriber := NewScannerSubscriber(logger, id, filter)
+	s.subs.Insert(id, subscriber)
+
+	return subscriber
+}
+
+func (s *Scanner) Unsubscribe(sub *ScannerSubscriber) {
+	s.subs.Remove(sub.ID())
+	sub.Destroy()
+}
+
+// ScanAndBroadcast starts scanning open TCP ports and broadcasts every open port to all subscribers.
+func (s *Scanner) ScanAndBroadcast() {
+	for {
+		// tcp monitors both ipv4 and ipv6 connections.
+		processes, _ := net.Connections("tcp")
+		for _, sub := range s.subs.Items() {
+			sub.Signal(processes)
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-s.scanExit:
+			return
+		default:
+			time.Sleep(s.period)
+		}
+	}
+}

envd/internal/port/scanSubscriber.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package port
+
+import (
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
+)
+
+// If we want to create a listener/subscriber pattern somewhere else we should move
+// from a concrete implementation to combination of generics and interfaces.
+
+type ScannerSubscriber struct {
+	logger   *zerolog.Logger
+	filter   *ScannerFilter
+	Messages chan ([]net.ConnectionStat)
+	id       string
+}
+
+func NewScannerSubscriber(logger *zerolog.Logger, id string, filter *ScannerFilter) *ScannerSubscriber {
+	return &ScannerSubscriber{
+		logger:   logger,
+		id:       id,
+		filter:   filter,
+		Messages: make(chan []net.ConnectionStat),
+	}
+}
+
+func (ss *ScannerSubscriber) ID() string {
+	return ss.id
+}
+
+func (ss *ScannerSubscriber) Destroy() {
+	close(ss.Messages)
+}
+
+func (ss *ScannerSubscriber) Signal(proc []net.ConnectionStat) {
+	// Filter isn't specified. Accept everything.
+	if ss.filter == nil {
+		ss.Messages <- proc
+	} else {
+		filtered := []net.ConnectionStat{}
+		for i := range proc {
+			// We need to access the list directly otherwise there will be implicit memory aliasing
+			// If the filter matched a process, we will send it to a channel.
+			if ss.filter.Match(&proc[i]) {
+				filtered = append(filtered, proc[i])
+			}
+		}
+		ss.Messages <- filtered
+	}
+}

envd/internal/port/scanfilter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package port
+
+import (
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
+)
+
+type ScannerFilter struct {
+	State string
+	IPs   []string
+}
+
+func (sf *ScannerFilter) Match(proc *net.ConnectionStat) bool {
+	// Filter is an empty struct.
+	if sf.State == "" && len(sf.IPs) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	ipMatch := slices.Contains(sf.IPs, proc.Laddr.IP)
+
+	if ipMatch && sf.State == proc.Status {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	return false
+}

envd/internal/services/cgroups/cgroup2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package cgroups
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+type Cgroup2Manager struct {
+	cgroupFDs map[ProcessType]int
+}
+
+var _ Manager = (*Cgroup2Manager)(nil)
+
+type cgroup2Config struct {
+	rootPath     string
+	processTypes map[ProcessType]Cgroup2Config
+}
+
+type Cgroup2ManagerOption func(*cgroup2Config)
+
+func WithCgroup2RootSysFSPath(path string) Cgroup2ManagerOption {
+	return func(config *cgroup2Config) {
+		config.rootPath = path
+	}
+}
+
+func WithCgroup2ProcessType(processType ProcessType, path string, properties map[string]string) Cgroup2ManagerOption {
+	return func(config *cgroup2Config) {
+		if config.processTypes == nil {
+			config.processTypes = make(map[ProcessType]Cgroup2Config)
+		}
+		config.processTypes[processType] = Cgroup2Config{Path: path, Properties: properties}
+	}
+}
+
+type Cgroup2Config struct {
+	Path       string
+	Properties map[string]string
+}
+
+func NewCgroup2Manager(opts ...Cgroup2ManagerOption) (*Cgroup2Manager, error) {
+	config := cgroup2Config{
+		rootPath: "/sys/fs/cgroup",
+	}
+
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(&config)
+	}
+
+	cgroupFDs, err := createCgroups(config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create cgroups: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &Cgroup2Manager{cgroupFDs: cgroupFDs}, nil
+}
+
+func createCgroups(configs cgroup2Config) (map[ProcessType]int, error) {
+	var (
+		results = make(map[ProcessType]int)
+		errs    []error
+	)
+
+	for procType, config := range configs.processTypes {
+		fullPath := filepath.Join(configs.rootPath, config.Path)
+		fd, err := createCgroup(fullPath, config.Properties)
+		if err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to create %s cgroup: %w", procType, err))
+
+			continue
+		}
+		results[procType] = fd
+	}
+
+	if len(errs) > 0 {
+		for procType, fd := range results {
+			err := unix.Close(fd)
+			if err != nil {
+				errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to close cgroup fd for %s: %w", procType, err))
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil, errors.Join(errs...)
+	}
+
+	return results, nil
+}
+
+func createCgroup(fullPath string, properties map[string]string) (int, error) {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(fullPath, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("failed to create cgroup root: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var errs []error
+	for name, value := range properties {
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(fullPath, name), []byte(value), 0o644); err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to write cgroup property: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+	if len(errs) > 0 {
+		return -1, errors.Join(errs...)
+	}
+
+	return unix.Open(fullPath, unix.O_RDONLY, 0)
+}
+
+func (c Cgroup2Manager) GetFileDescriptor(procType ProcessType) (int, bool) {
+	fd, ok := c.cgroupFDs[procType]
+
+	return fd, ok
+}
+
+func (c Cgroup2Manager) Close() error {
+	var errs []error
+	for procType, fd := range c.cgroupFDs {
+		if err := unix.Close(fd); err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to close cgroup fd for %s: %w", procType, err))
+		}
+		delete(c.cgroupFDs, procType)
+	}
+
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
+}

envd/internal/services/cgroups/cgroup2_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package cgroups
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"syscall"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+const (
+	oneByte  = 1
+	kilobyte = 1024 * oneByte
+	megabyte = 1024 * kilobyte
+)
+
+func TestCgroupRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
+		t.Skip("must run as root")
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	maxTimeout := time.Second * 5
+
+	t.Run("process does not die without cgroups", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		// create manager
+		m, err := NewCgroup2Manager()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// create new child process
+		cmd := startProcess(t, m, "not-a-real-one")
+
+		// wait for child process to die
+		err = waitForProcess(t, cmd, maxTimeout)
+
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.DeadlineExceeded)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("process dies with cgroups", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		cgroupPath := createCgroupPath(t, "real-one")
+
+		// create manager
+		m, err := NewCgroup2Manager(
+			WithCgroup2ProcessType(ProcessTypePTY, cgroupPath, map[string]string{
+				"memory.max": strconv.Itoa(1 * megabyte),
+			}),
+		)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		t.Cleanup(func() {
+			err := m.Close()
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+
+		// create new child process
+		cmd := startProcess(t, m, ProcessTypePTY)
+
+		// wait for child process to die
+		err = waitForProcess(t, cmd, maxTimeout)
+
+		// verify process exited correctly
+		var exitErr *exec.ExitError
+		require.ErrorAs(t, err, &exitErr)
+		assert.Equal(t, "signal: killed", exitErr.Error())
+		assert.False(t, exitErr.Exited())
+		assert.False(t, exitErr.Success())
+		assert.Equal(t, -1, exitErr.ExitCode())
+
+		// dig a little deeper
+		ws, ok := exitErr.Sys().(syscall.WaitStatus)
+		require.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, syscall.SIGKILL, ws.Signal())
+		assert.True(t, ws.Signaled())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Stopped())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Continued())
+		assert.False(t, ws.CoreDump())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Exited())
+		assert.Equal(t, -1, ws.ExitStatus())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("process cannot be spawned because memory limit is too low", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		cgroupPath := createCgroupPath(t, "real-one")
+
+		// create manager
+		m, err := NewCgroup2Manager(
+			WithCgroup2ProcessType(ProcessTypeSocat, cgroupPath, map[string]string{
+				"memory.max": strconv.Itoa(1 * kilobyte),
+			}),
+		)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		t.Cleanup(func() {
+			err := m.Close()
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+
+		// create new child process
+		cmd := startProcess(t, m, ProcessTypeSocat)
+
+		// wait for child process to die
+		err = waitForProcess(t, cmd, maxTimeout)
+
+		// verify process exited correctly
+		var exitErr *exec.ExitError
+		require.ErrorAs(t, err, &exitErr)
+		assert.Equal(t, "exit status 253", exitErr.Error())
+		assert.True(t, exitErr.Exited())
+		assert.False(t, exitErr.Success())
+		assert.Equal(t, 253, exitErr.ExitCode())
+
+		// dig a little deeper
+		ws, ok := exitErr.Sys().(syscall.WaitStatus)
+		require.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, syscall.Signal(-1), ws.Signal())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Signaled())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Stopped())
+		assert.False(t, ws.Continued())
+		assert.False(t, ws.CoreDump())
+		assert.True(t, ws.Exited())
+		assert.Equal(t, 253, ws.ExitStatus())
+	})
+}
+
+func createCgroupPath(t *testing.T, s string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	randPart := rand.Int()
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("envd-test-%s-%d", s, randPart)
+}
+
+func startProcess(t *testing.T, m *Cgroup2Manager, pt ProcessType) *exec.Cmd {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	cmdName, args := "bash", []string{"-c", `sleep 1 && tail /dev/zero`}
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), cmdName, args...)
+
+	fd, ok := m.GetFileDescriptor(pt)
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		UseCgroupFD: ok,
+		CgroupFD:    fd,
+	}
+
+	err := cmd.Start()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func waitForProcess(t *testing.T, cmd *exec.Cmd, timeout time.Duration) error {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(done)
+		done <- cmd.Wait()
+	}()
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), timeout)
+	t.Cleanup(cancel)
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case err := <-done:
+		return err
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/cgroups/iface.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package cgroups
+
+type ProcessType string
+
+const (
+	ProcessTypePTY   ProcessType = "pty"
+	ProcessTypeUser  ProcessType = "user"
+	ProcessTypeSocat ProcessType = "socat"
+)
+
+type Manager interface {
+	GetFileDescriptor(procType ProcessType) (int, bool)
+	Close() error
+}

envd/internal/services/cgroups/noop.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package cgroups
+
+type NoopManager struct{}
+
+var _ Manager = (*NoopManager)(nil)
+
+func NewNoopManager() *NoopManager {
+	return &NoopManager{}
+}
+
+func (n NoopManager) GetFileDescriptor(ProcessType) (int, bool) {
+	return 0, false
+}
+
+func (n NoopManager) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/dir.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func (s Service) ListDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.ListDirResponse], error) {
+	depth := req.Msg.GetDepth()
+	if depth == 0 {
+		depth = 1 // default depth to current directory
+	}
+
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	requestedPath := req.Msg.GetPath()
+
+	// Expand the path so we can return absolute paths in the response.
+	requestedPath, err = permissions.ExpandAndResolve(requestedPath, u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	resolvedPath, err := followSymlink(requestedPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = checkIfDirectory(resolvedPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	entries, err := walkDir(requestedPath, resolvedPath, int(depth))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.ListDirResponse{
+		Entries: entries,
+	}), nil
+}
+
+func (s Service) MakeDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.MakeDirResponse], error) {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	dirPath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetPath(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	stat, err := os.Stat(dirPath)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error getting file info: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if err == nil {
+		if stat.IsDir() {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeAlreadyExists, fmt.Errorf("directory already exists: %s", dirPath))
+		}
+
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("path already exists but it is not a directory: %s", dirPath))
+	}
+
+	uid, gid, userErr := permissions.GetUserIdInts(u)
+	if userErr != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, userErr)
+	}
+
+	userErr = permissions.EnsureDirs(dirPath, uid, gid)
+	if userErr != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, userErr)
+	}
+
+	entry, err := entryInfo(dirPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.MakeDirResponse{
+		Entry: entry,
+	}), nil
+}
+
+// followSymlink resolves a symbolic link to its target path.
+func followSymlink(path string) (string, error) {
+	// Resolve symlinks
+	resolvedPath, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return "", connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("path not found: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "too many links") {
+			return "", connect.NewError(connect.CodeFailedPrecondition, fmt.Errorf("cyclic symlink or chain >255 links at %q", path))
+		}
+
+		return "", connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error resolving symlink: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return resolvedPath, nil
+}
+
+// checkIfDirectory checks if the given path is a directory.
+func checkIfDirectory(path string) error {
+	stat, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("directory not found: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error getting file info: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if !stat.IsDir() {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("path is not a directory: %s", path))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// walkDir walks the directory tree starting from dirPath up to the specified depth (doesn't follow symlinks).
+func walkDir(requestedPath string, dirPath string, depth int) (entries []*rpc.EntryInfo, err error) {
+	err = filepath.WalkDir(dirPath, func(path string, _ os.DirEntry, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		// Skip the root directory itself
+		if path == dirPath {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// Calculate current depth
+		relPath, err := filepath.Rel(dirPath, path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		currentDepth := len(strings.Split(relPath, string(os.PathSeparator)))
+
+		if currentDepth > depth {
+			return filepath.SkipDir
+		}
+
+		entryInfo, err := entryInfo(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			var connectErr *connect.Error
+			if errors.As(err, &connectErr) && connectErr.Code() == connect.CodeNotFound {
+				// Skip entries that don't exist anymore
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			return err
+		}
+
+		// Return the requested path as the base path instead of the symlink-resolved path
+		path = filepath.Join(requestedPath, relPath)
+		entryInfo.Path = path
+
+		entries = append(entries, entryInfo)
+
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error reading directory %s: %w", dirPath, err))
+	}
+
+	return entries, nil
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/dir_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/authn"
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func TestListDir(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup directory structure
+	testFolder := filepath.Join(root, "test")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-1"), 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-2"), 0o755))
+	filePath := filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-1", "file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("Hello, World!"), 0o644))
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Helper to inject user into context
+	injectUser := func(ctx context.Context, u *user.User) context.Context {
+		return authn.SetInfo(ctx, u)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		depth         uint32
+		expectedPaths []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "depth 0 lists only root directory",
+			depth: 0,
+			expectedPaths: []string{
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "depth 1 lists root directory",
+			depth: 1,
+			expectedPaths: []string{
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "depth 2 lists first level of subdirectories (in this case the root directory)",
+			depth: 2,
+			expectedPaths: []string{
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir"),
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-1"),
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-2"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "depth 3 lists all directories and files",
+			depth: 3,
+			expectedPaths: []string{
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir"),
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-1"),
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-2"),
+				filepath.Join(testFolder, "test-dir", "sub-dir-1", "file.txt"),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			ctx := injectUser(t.Context(), u)
+			req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+				Path:  testFolder,
+				Depth: tt.depth,
+			})
+			resp, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.NotEmpty(t, resp.Msg)
+			assert.Len(t, resp.Msg.GetEntries(), len(tt.expectedPaths))
+			actualPaths := make([]string, len(resp.Msg.GetEntries()))
+			for i, entry := range resp.Msg.GetEntries() {
+				actualPaths[i] = entry.GetPath()
+			}
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.expectedPaths, actualPaths)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestListDirNonExistingPath(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	svc := mockService()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+		Path:  "/non-existing-path",
+		Depth: 1,
+	})
+	_, err = svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	var connectErr *connect.Error
+	ok := errors.As(err, &connectErr)
+	assert.True(t, ok, "expected error to be of type *connect.Error")
+	assert.Equal(t, connect.CodeNotFound, connectErr.Code())
+}
+
+func TestListDirRelativePath(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup directory structure
+	testRelativePath := fmt.Sprintf("test-%s", uuid.New())
+	testFolderPath := filepath.Join(u.HomeDir, testRelativePath)
+	filePath := filepath.Join(testFolderPath, "file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(testFolderPath, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("Hello, World!"), 0o644))
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+		Path:  testRelativePath,
+		Depth: 1,
+	})
+	resp, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, resp.Msg)
+
+	expectedPaths := []string{
+		filepath.Join(testFolderPath, "file.txt"),
+	}
+	assert.Len(t, resp.Msg.GetEntries(), len(expectedPaths))
+
+	actualPaths := make([]string, len(resp.Msg.GetEntries()))
+	for i, entry := range resp.Msg.GetEntries() {
+		actualPaths[i] = entry.GetPath()
+	}
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, expectedPaths, actualPaths)
+}
+
+func TestListDir_Symlinks(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+
+	symlinkRoot := filepath.Join(root, "test-symlinks")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(symlinkRoot, 0o755))
+
+	// 1. Prepare a real directory + file that a symlink will point to
+	realDir := filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "real-dir")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(realDir, 0o755))
+	filePath := filepath.Join(realDir, "file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("hello via symlink"), 0o644))
+
+	// 2. Prepare a standalone real file (points-to-file scenario)
+	realFile := filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "real-file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(realFile, []byte("i am a plain file"), 0o644))
+
+	// 3. Create the three symlinks
+	linkToDir := filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "link-dir")   // → directory
+	linkToFile := filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "link-file") // → file
+	cyclicLink := filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "cyclic")    // → itself
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(realDir, linkToDir))
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(realFile, linkToFile))
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(cyclicLink, cyclicLink))
+
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	t.Run("symlink to directory behaves like directory and the content looks like inside the directory", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+			Path:  linkToDir,
+			Depth: 1,
+		})
+		resp, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		expected := []string{
+			filepath.Join(linkToDir, "file.txt"),
+		}
+		actual := make([]string, len(resp.Msg.GetEntries()))
+		for i, e := range resp.Msg.GetEntries() {
+			actual[i] = e.GetPath()
+		}
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, expected, actual)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("link to file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+			Path:  linkToFile,
+			Depth: 1,
+		})
+		_, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "not a directory")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("cyclic symlink surfaces 'too many links' → invalid-argument", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+			Path: cyclicLink,
+		})
+		_, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		var connectErr *connect.Error
+		ok := errors.As(err, &connectErr)
+		assert.True(t, ok, "expected error to be of type *connect.Error")
+		assert.Equal(t, connect.CodeFailedPrecondition, connectErr.Code())
+		assert.Contains(t, connectErr.Error(), "cyclic symlink")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("symlink not resolved if not root", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.ListDirRequest{
+			Path:  symlinkRoot,
+			Depth: 3,
+		})
+		res, err := svc.ListDir(ctx, req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		expected := []string{
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "cyclic"),
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "link-dir"),
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "link-file"),
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "real-dir"),
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "real-dir", "file.txt"),
+			filepath.Join(symlinkRoot, "real-file.txt"),
+		}
+		actual := make([]string, len(res.Msg.GetEntries()))
+		for i, e := range res.Msg.GetEntries() {
+			actual[i] = e.GetPath()
+		}
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, expected, actual, "symlinks should not be resolved when listing the symlink root directory")
+	})
+}
+
+// TestFollowSymlink_Success makes sure that followSymlink resolves symlinks,
+// while also being robust to the /var → /private/var indirection that exists on macOS.
+func TestFollowSymlink_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Base temporary directory. On macOS this lives under /var/folders/…
+	// which itself is a symlink to /private/var/folders/….
+	base := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Create a real directory that we ultimately want to resolve to.
+	target := filepath.Join(base, "target")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(target, 0o755))
+
+	// Create a symlink pointing at the real directory so we can verify that
+	// followSymlink follows it.
+	link := filepath.Join(base, "link")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(target, link))
+
+	got, err := followSymlink(link)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Canonicalise the expected path too, so that /var → /private/var (macOS)
+	// or any other benign symlink indirections don’t cause flaky tests.
+	want, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(link)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Equal(t, want, got, "followSymlink should resolve and canonicalise symlinks")
+}
+
+// TestFollowSymlink_MultiSymlinkChain verifies that followSymlink follows a chain
+// of several symlinks (non‑cyclic) correctly.
+func TestFollowSymlink_MultiSymlinkChain(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	base := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Final destination directory.
+	target := filepath.Join(base, "target")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(target, 0o755))
+
+	// Build a 3‑link chain: link1 → link2 → link3 → target.
+	link3 := filepath.Join(base, "link3")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(target, link3))
+
+	link2 := filepath.Join(base, "link2")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(link3, link2))
+
+	link1 := filepath.Join(base, "link1")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(link2, link1))
+
+	got, err := followSymlink(link1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	want, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(link1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Equal(t, want, got, "followSymlink should resolve an arbitrary symlink chain")
+}
+
+func TestFollowSymlink_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	_, err := followSymlink("/definitely/does/not/exist")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var cerr *connect.Error
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &cerr)
+	require.Equal(t, connect.CodeNotFound, cerr.Code())
+}
+
+func TestFollowSymlink_CyclicSymlink(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	a := filepath.Join(dir, "a")
+	b := filepath.Join(dir, "b")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(a, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(b, 0o755))
+
+	// Create a two‑node loop: a/loop → b/loop, b/loop → a/loop.
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(filepath.Join(b, "loop"), filepath.Join(a, "loop")))
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(filepath.Join(a, "loop"), filepath.Join(b, "loop")))
+
+	_, err := followSymlink(filepath.Join(a, "loop"))
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var cerr *connect.Error
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &cerr)
+	require.Equal(t, connect.CodeFailedPrecondition, cerr.Code())
+	require.Contains(t, cerr.Message(), "cyclic")
+}
+
+func TestCheckIfDirectory(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	require.NoError(t, checkIfDirectory(dir))
+
+	file := filepath.Join(dir, "file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(file, []byte("hello"), 0o644))
+
+	err := checkIfDirectory(file)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var cerr *connect.Error
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &cerr)
+	require.Equal(t, connect.CodeInvalidArgument, cerr.Code())
+}
+
+func TestWalkDir_Depth(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	sub := filepath.Join(root, "sub")
+	subsub := filepath.Join(sub, "subsub")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(subsub, 0o755))
+
+	entries, err := walkDir(root, root, 1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Collect the names for easier assertions.
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(entries))
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		names = append(names, e.GetName())
+	}
+
+	require.Contains(t, names, "sub")
+	require.NotContains(t, names, "subsub", "entries beyond depth should be excluded")
+}
+
+func TestWalkDir_Error(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	_, err := walkDir("/does/not/exist", "/does/not/exist", 1)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var cerr *connect.Error
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &cerr)
+	require.Equal(t, connect.CodeInternal, cerr.Code())
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/move.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func (s Service) Move(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.MoveResponse], error) {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	source, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetSource(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	destination, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetDestination(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	uid, gid, userErr := permissions.GetUserIdInts(u)
+	if userErr != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, userErr)
+	}
+
+	userErr = permissions.EnsureDirs(filepath.Dir(destination), uid, gid)
+	if userErr != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, userErr)
+	}
+
+	err = os.Rename(source, destination)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("source file not found: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error renaming: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	entry, err := entryInfo(destination)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.MoveResponse{
+		Entry: entry,
+	}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/move_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/authn"
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func TestMove(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup source and destination directories
+	sourceDir := filepath.Join(root, "source")
+	destDir := filepath.Join(root, "destination")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(sourceDir, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(destDir, 0o755))
+
+	// Create a test file to move
+	sourceFile := filepath.Join(sourceDir, "test-file.txt")
+	testContent := []byte("Hello, World!")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(sourceFile, testContent, 0o644))
+
+	// Destination file path
+	destFile := filepath.Join(destDir, "test-file.txt")
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Call the Move function
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+		Source:      sourceFile,
+		Destination: destFile,
+	})
+	resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+
+	// Verify the move was successful
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotNil(t, resp)
+	assert.Equal(t, destFile, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+	// Verify the file exists at the destination
+	_, err = os.Stat(destFile)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify the file no longer exists at the source
+	_, err = os.Stat(sourceFile)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+	// Verify the content of the moved file
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(destFile)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, testContent, content)
+}
+
+func TestMoveDirectory(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup source and destination directories
+	sourceParent := filepath.Join(root, "source-parent")
+	destParent := filepath.Join(root, "dest-parent")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(sourceParent, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(destParent, 0o755))
+
+	// Create a test directory with files to move
+	sourceDir := filepath.Join(sourceParent, "test-dir")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(sourceDir, "subdir"), 0o755))
+
+	// Create some files in the directory
+	file1 := filepath.Join(sourceDir, "file1.txt")
+	file2 := filepath.Join(sourceDir, "subdir", "file2.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(file1, []byte("File 1 content"), 0o644))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(file2, []byte("File 2 content"), 0o644))
+
+	// Destination directory path
+	destDir := filepath.Join(destParent, "test-dir")
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Call the Move function
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+		Source:      sourceDir,
+		Destination: destDir,
+	})
+	resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+
+	// Verify the move was successful
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotNil(t, resp)
+	assert.Equal(t, destDir, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+	// Verify the directory exists at the destination
+	_, err = os.Stat(destDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify the files exist at the destination
+	destFile1 := filepath.Join(destDir, "file1.txt")
+	destFile2 := filepath.Join(destDir, "subdir", "file2.txt")
+	_, err = os.Stat(destFile1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = os.Stat(destFile2)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify the directory no longer exists at the source
+	_, err = os.Stat(sourceDir)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+	// Verify the content of the moved files
+	content1, err := os.ReadFile(destFile1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte("File 1 content"), content1)
+
+	content2, err := os.ReadFile(destFile2)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte("File 2 content"), content2)
+}
+
+func TestMoveNonExistingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup destination directory
+	destDir := filepath.Join(root, "destination")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(destDir, 0o755))
+
+	// Non-existing source file
+	sourceFile := filepath.Join(root, "non-existing-file.txt")
+
+	// Destination file path
+	destFile := filepath.Join(destDir, "moved-file.txt")
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Call the Move function
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+		Source:      sourceFile,
+		Destination: destFile,
+	})
+	_, err = svc.Move(ctx, req)
+
+	// Verify the correct error is returned
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var connectErr *connect.Error
+	ok := errors.As(err, &connectErr)
+	assert.True(t, ok, "expected error to be of type *connect.Error")
+	assert.Equal(t, connect.CodeNotFound, connectErr.Code())
+	assert.Contains(t, connectErr.Message(), "source file not found")
+}
+
+func TestMoveRelativePath(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup user
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup directory structure with unique name to avoid conflicts
+	testRelativePath := fmt.Sprintf("test-move-%s", uuid.New())
+	testFolderPath := filepath.Join(u.HomeDir, testRelativePath)
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(testFolderPath, 0o755))
+
+	// Create a test file to move
+	sourceFile := filepath.Join(testFolderPath, "source-file.txt")
+	testContent := []byte("Hello from relative path!")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(sourceFile, testContent, 0o644))
+
+	// Destination file path (also relative)
+	destRelativePath := fmt.Sprintf("test-move-dest-%s", uuid.New())
+	destFolderPath := filepath.Join(u.HomeDir, destRelativePath)
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(destFolderPath, 0o755))
+	destFile := filepath.Join(destFolderPath, "moved-file.txt")
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Call the Move function with relative paths
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+		Source:      filepath.Join(testRelativePath, "source-file.txt"), // Relative path
+		Destination: filepath.Join(destRelativePath, "moved-file.txt"),  // Relative path
+	})
+	resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+
+	// Verify the move was successful
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotNil(t, resp)
+	assert.Equal(t, destFile, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+	// Verify the file exists at the destination
+	_, err = os.Stat(destFile)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify the file no longer exists at the source
+	_, err = os.Stat(sourceFile)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+	// Verify the content of the moved file
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(destFile)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, testContent, content)
+
+	// Clean up
+	os.RemoveAll(testFolderPath)
+	os.RemoveAll(destFolderPath)
+}
+
+func TestMove_Symlinks(t *testing.T) { //nolint:tparallel // this test cannot be executed in parallel
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+
+	// Setup source and destination directories
+	sourceRoot := filepath.Join(root, "source")
+	destRoot := filepath.Join(root, "destination")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(sourceRoot, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(destRoot, 0o755))
+
+	// 1. Prepare a real directory + file that a symlink will point to
+	realDir := filepath.Join(sourceRoot, "real-dir")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(realDir, 0o755))
+	filePath := filepath.Join(realDir, "file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("hello via symlink"), 0o644))
+
+	// 2. Prepare a standalone real file (points-to-file scenario)
+	realFile := filepath.Join(sourceRoot, "real-file.txt")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(realFile, []byte("i am a plain file"), 0o644))
+
+	// 3. Create symlinks
+	linkToDir := filepath.Join(sourceRoot, "link-dir")   // → directory
+	linkToFile := filepath.Join(sourceRoot, "link-file") // → file
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(realDir, linkToDir))
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(realFile, linkToFile))
+
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	t.Run("move symlink to directory", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		destPath := filepath.Join(destRoot, "moved-link-dir")
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+			Source:      linkToDir,
+			Destination: destPath,
+		})
+		resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, destPath, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+		// Verify the symlink was moved
+		_, err = os.Stat(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify it's still a symlink
+		info, err := os.Lstat(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.NotEqual(t, 0, info.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink, "expected a symlink")
+
+		// Verify the symlink target is still correct
+		target, err := os.Readlink(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, realDir, target)
+
+		// Verify the original symlink is gone
+		_, err = os.Stat(linkToDir)
+		assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+		// Verify the real directory still exists
+		_, err = os.Stat(realDir)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("move symlink to file", func(t *testing.T) { //nolint:paralleltest
+		destPath := filepath.Join(destRoot, "moved-link-file")
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+			Source:      linkToFile,
+			Destination: destPath,
+		})
+		resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, destPath, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+		// Verify the symlink was moved
+		_, err = os.Stat(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify it's still a symlink
+		info, err := os.Lstat(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.NotEqual(t, 0, info.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink, "expected a symlink")
+
+		// Verify the symlink target is still correct
+		target, err := os.Readlink(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, realFile, target)
+
+		// Verify the original symlink is gone
+		_, err = os.Stat(linkToFile)
+		assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+		// Verify the real file still exists
+		_, err = os.Stat(realFile)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("move real file that is target of symlink", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Create a new symlink to the real file
+		newLinkToFile := filepath.Join(sourceRoot, "new-link-file")
+		require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(realFile, newLinkToFile))
+
+		destPath := filepath.Join(destRoot, "moved-real-file.txt")
+
+		req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.MoveRequest{
+			Source:      realFile,
+			Destination: destPath,
+		})
+		resp, err := svc.Move(ctx, req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, destPath, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+
+		// Verify the real file was moved
+		_, err = os.Stat(destPath)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify the original file is gone
+		_, err = os.Stat(realFile)
+		assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err))
+
+		// Verify the symlink still exists but now points to a non-existent file
+		_, err = os.Stat(newLinkToFile)
+		require.Error(t, err, "symlink should point to non-existent file")
+	})
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/remove.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func (s Service) Remove(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.RemoveResponse], error) {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	path, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetPath(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	err = os.RemoveAll(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error removing file or directory: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.RemoveResponse{}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Modifications by M/S Omukk
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	spec "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem/filesystemconnect"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+type Service struct {
+	logger   *zerolog.Logger
+	watchers *utils.Map[string, *FileWatcher]
+	defaults *execcontext.Defaults
+}
+
+func Handle(server *chi.Mux, l *zerolog.Logger, defaults *execcontext.Defaults) {
+	service := Service{
+		logger:   l,
+		watchers: utils.NewMap[string, *FileWatcher](),
+		defaults: defaults,
+	}
+
+	interceptors := connect.WithInterceptors(
+		logs.NewUnaryLogInterceptor(l),
+	)
+
+	path, handler := spec.NewFilesystemHandler(service, interceptors)
+
+	server.Mount(path, handler)
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/service_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func mockService() Service {
+	return Service{
+		defaults: &execcontext.Defaults{
+			EnvVars: utils.NewMap[string, string](),
+		},
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/stat.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func (s Service) Stat(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.StatResponse], error) {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	path, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetPath(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	entry, err := entryInfo(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.StatResponse{Entry: entry}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/stat_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/authn"
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+)
+
+func TestStat(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Setup temp root and user
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	// Get the actual path to the temp directory (symlinks can cause issues)
+	root, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(root)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	group, err := user.LookupGroupId(u.Gid)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup directory structure
+	testFolder := filepath.Join(root, "test")
+	err = os.MkdirAll(testFolder, 0o755)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	testFile := filepath.Join(testFolder, "file.txt")
+	err = os.WriteFile(testFile, []byte("Hello, World!"), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	linkedFile := filepath.Join(testFolder, "linked-file.txt")
+	err = os.Symlink(testFile, linkedFile)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Service instance
+	svc := mockService()
+
+	// Helper to inject user into context
+	injectUser := func(ctx context.Context, u *user.User) context.Context {
+		return authn.SetInfo(ctx, u)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		path string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Stat file directory",
+			path: testFile,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Stat symlink to file",
+			path: linkedFile,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			ctx := injectUser(t.Context(), u)
+			req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.StatRequest{
+				Path: tt.path,
+			})
+			resp, err := svc.Stat(ctx, req)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotEmpty(t, resp.Msg)
+			require.NotNil(t, resp.Msg.GetEntry())
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.path, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetPath())
+			assert.Equal(t, filesystem.FileType_FILE_TYPE_FILE, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetType())
+			assert.Equal(t, u.Username, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetOwner())
+			assert.Equal(t, group.Name, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetGroup())
+			assert.Equal(t, uint32(0o644), resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetMode())
+			if tt.path == linkedFile {
+				require.NotNil(t, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetSymlinkTarget())
+				assert.Equal(t, testFile, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetSymlinkTarget())
+			} else {
+				assert.Empty(t, resp.Msg.GetEntry().GetSymlinkTarget())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStatMissingPathReturnsNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	svc := mockService()
+	ctx := authn.SetInfo(t.Context(), u)
+
+	req := connect.NewRequest(&filesystem.StatRequest{
+		Path: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.txt"),
+	})
+
+	_, err = svc.Stat(ctx, req)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+
+	var connectErr *connect.Error
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &connectErr)
+	assert.Equal(t, connect.CodeNotFound, connectErr.Code())
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/utils.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
+
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/filesystem"
+)
+
+// Filesystem magic numbers from Linux kernel (include/uapi/linux/magic.h)
+const (
+	nfsSuperMagic   = 0x6969
+	cifsMagic       = 0xFF534D42
+	smbSuperMagic   = 0x517B
+	smb2MagicNumber = 0xFE534D42
+	fuseSuperMagic  = 0x65735546
+)
+
+// IsPathOnNetworkMount checks if the given path is on a network filesystem mount.
+// Returns true if the path is on NFS, CIFS, SMB, or FUSE filesystem.
+func IsPathOnNetworkMount(path string) (bool, error) {
+	var statfs syscall.Statfs_t
+	if err := syscall.Statfs(path, &statfs); err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to statfs %s: %w", path, err)
+	}
+
+	switch statfs.Type {
+	case nfsSuperMagic, cifsMagic, smbSuperMagic, smb2MagicNumber, fuseSuperMagic:
+		return true, nil
+	default:
+		return false, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func entryInfo(path string) (*rpc.EntryInfo, error) {
+	info, err := filesystem.GetEntryFromPath(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("file not found: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error getting file info: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	owner, group := getFileOwnership(info)
+
+	return &rpc.EntryInfo{
+		Name:          info.Name,
+		Type:          getEntryType(info.Type),
+		Path:          info.Path,
+		Size:          info.Size,
+		Mode:          uint32(info.Mode),
+		Permissions:   info.Permissions,
+		Owner:         owner,
+		Group:         group,
+		ModifiedTime:  toTimestamp(info.ModifiedTime),
+		SymlinkTarget: info.SymlinkTarget,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func toTimestamp(time time.Time) *timestamppb.Timestamp {
+	if time.IsZero() {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return timestamppb.New(time)
+}
+
+// getFileOwnership returns the owner and group names for a file.
+// If the lookup fails, it returns the numeric UID and GID as strings.
+func getFileOwnership(fileInfo filesystem.EntryInfo) (owner, group string) {
+	// Look up username
+	owner = fmt.Sprintf("%d", fileInfo.UID)
+	if u, err := user.LookupId(owner); err == nil {
+		owner = u.Username
+	}
+
+	// Look up group name
+	group = fmt.Sprintf("%d", fileInfo.GID)
+	if g, err := user.LookupGroupId(group); err == nil {
+		group = g.Name
+	}
+
+	return owner, group
+}
+
+// getEntryType determines the type of file entry based on its mode and path.
+// If the file is a symlink, it follows the symlink to determine the actual type.
+func getEntryType(fileType filesystem.FileType) rpc.FileType {
+	switch fileType {
+	case filesystem.FileFileType:
+		return rpc.FileType_FILE_TYPE_FILE
+	case filesystem.DirectoryFileType:
+		return rpc.FileType_FILE_TYPE_DIRECTORY
+	case filesystem.SymlinkFileType:
+		return rpc.FileType_FILE_TYPE_SYMLINK
+	default:
+		return rpc.FileType_FILE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/utils_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os/exec"
+	osuser "os/user"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	fsmodel "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/filesystem"
+)
+
+func TestIsPathOnNetworkMount(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Test with a regular directory (should not be on network mount)
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	isNetwork, err := IsPathOnNetworkMount(tempDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, isNetwork, "temp directory should not be on a network mount")
+}
+
+func TestIsPathOnNetworkMount_FuseMount(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Require bindfs to be available
+	_, err := exec.LookPath("bindfs")
+	require.NoError(t, err, "bindfs must be installed for this test")
+
+	// Require fusermount to be available (needed for unmounting)
+	_, err = exec.LookPath("fusermount")
+	require.NoError(t, err, "fusermount must be installed for this test")
+
+	// Create source and mount directories
+	sourceDir := t.TempDir()
+	mountDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Mount sourceDir onto mountDir using bindfs (FUSE)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "bindfs", sourceDir, mountDir)
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run(), "failed to mount bindfs")
+
+	// Ensure we unmount on cleanup
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = exec.CommandContext(context.Background(), "fusermount", "-u", mountDir).Run()
+	})
+
+	// Test that the FUSE mount is detected
+	isNetwork, err := IsPathOnNetworkMount(mountDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, isNetwork, "FUSE mount should be detected as network filesystem")
+
+	// Test that the source directory is NOT detected as network mount
+	isNetworkSource, err := IsPathOnNetworkMount(sourceDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, isNetworkSource, "source directory should not be detected as network filesystem")
+}
+
+func TestGetFileOwnership_CurrentUser(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("current user", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		// Get current user running the tests
+		cur, err := osuser.Current()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Skipf("unable to determine current user: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Determine expected owner/group using the same lookup logic
+		expectedOwner := cur.Uid
+		if u, err := osuser.LookupId(cur.Uid); err == nil {
+			expectedOwner = u.Username
+		}
+
+		expectedGroup := cur.Gid
+		if g, err := osuser.LookupGroupId(cur.Gid); err == nil {
+			expectedGroup = g.Name
+		}
+
+		// Parse UID/GID strings to uint32 for EntryInfo
+		uid64, err := strconv.ParseUint(cur.Uid, 10, 32)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		gid64, err := strconv.ParseUint(cur.Gid, 10, 32)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Build a minimal EntryInfo with current UID/GID
+		info := fsmodel.EntryInfo{ // from shared pkg
+			UID: uint32(uid64),
+			GID: uint32(gid64),
+		}
+
+		owner, group := getFileOwnership(info)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedOwner, owner)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedGroup, group)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no user", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		// Find a UID that does not exist on this system
+		var unknownUIDStr string
+		for i := 60001; i < 70000; i++ { // search a high range typically unused
+			idStr := strconv.Itoa(i)
+			if _, err := osuser.LookupId(idStr); err != nil {
+				unknownUIDStr = idStr
+
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if unknownUIDStr == "" {
+			t.Skip("could not find a non-existent UID in the probed range")
+		}
+
+		// Find a GID that does not exist on this system
+		var unknownGIDStr string
+		for i := 60001; i < 70000; i++ { // search a high range typically unused
+			idStr := strconv.Itoa(i)
+			if _, err := osuser.LookupGroupId(idStr); err != nil {
+				unknownGIDStr = idStr
+
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if unknownGIDStr == "" {
+			t.Skip("could not find a non-existent GID in the probed range")
+		}
+
+		// Parse to uint32 for EntryInfo construction
+		uid64, err := strconv.ParseUint(unknownUIDStr, 10, 32)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		gid64, err := strconv.ParseUint(unknownGIDStr, 10, 32)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		info := fsmodel.EntryInfo{
+			UID: uint32(uid64),
+			GID: uint32(gid64),
+		}
+
+		owner, group := getFileOwnership(info)
+		// Expect numeric fallbacks because lookups should fail for unknown IDs
+		assert.Equal(t, unknownUIDStr, owner)
+		assert.Equal(t, unknownGIDStr, group)
+	})
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/watch.go

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/e2b-dev/fsnotify"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func (s Service) WatchDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.WatchDirRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.WatchDirResponse]) error {
+	return logs.LogServerStreamWithoutEvents(ctx, s.logger, req, stream, s.watchHandler)
+}
+
+func (s Service) watchHandler(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.WatchDirRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.WatchDirResponse]) error {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	watchPath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetPath(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	info, err := os.Stat(watchPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("path %s not found: %w", watchPath, err))
+		}
+
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error statting path %s: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("path %s not a directory: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+
+	// Check if path is on a network filesystem mount
+	isNetworkMount, err := IsPathOnNetworkMount(watchPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error checking mount status: %w", err))
+	}
+	if isNetworkMount {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("cannot watch path on network filesystem: %s", watchPath))
+	}
+
+	w, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error creating watcher: %w", err))
+	}
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	err = w.Add(utils.FsnotifyPath(watchPath, req.Msg.GetRecursive()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error adding path %s to watcher: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+
+	err = stream.Send(&rpc.WatchDirResponse{
+		Event: &rpc.WatchDirResponse_Start{
+			Start: &rpc.WatchDirResponse_StartEvent{},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending start event: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	keepaliveTicker, resetKeepalive := permissions.GetKeepAliveTicker(req)
+	defer keepaliveTicker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-keepaliveTicker.C:
+			streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.WatchDirResponse{
+				Event: &rpc.WatchDirResponse_Keepalive{
+					Keepalive: &rpc.WatchDirResponse_KeepAlive{},
+				},
+			})
+			if streamErr != nil {
+				return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending keepalive: %w", streamErr))
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		case chErr, ok := <-w.Errors:
+			if !ok {
+				return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher error channel closed"))
+			}
+
+			return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher error: %w", chErr))
+		case e, ok := <-w.Events:
+			if !ok {
+				return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher event channel closed"))
+			}
+
+			// One event can have multiple operations.
+			ops := []rpc.EventType{}
+
+			if fsnotify.Create.Has(e.Op) {
+				ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_CREATE)
+			}
+
+			if fsnotify.Rename.Has(e.Op) {
+				ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_RENAME)
+			}
+
+			if fsnotify.Chmod.Has(e.Op) {
+				ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_CHMOD)
+			}
+
+			if fsnotify.Write.Has(e.Op) {
+				ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_WRITE)
+			}
+
+			if fsnotify.Remove.Has(e.Op) {
+				ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_REMOVE)
+			}
+
+			for _, op := range ops {
+				name, nameErr := filepath.Rel(watchPath, e.Name)
+				if nameErr != nil {
+					return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error getting relative path: %w", nameErr))
+				}
+
+				filesystemEvent := &rpc.WatchDirResponse_Filesystem{
+					Filesystem: &rpc.FilesystemEvent{
+						Name: name,
+						Type: op,
+					},
+				}
+
+				event := &rpc.WatchDirResponse{
+					Event: filesystemEvent,
+				}
+
+				streamErr := stream.Send(event)
+
+				s.logger.
+					Debug().
+					Str("event_type", "filesystem_event").
+					Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(logs.OperationIDKey).(string)).
+					Interface("filesystem_event", event).
+					Msg("Streaming filesystem event")
+
+				if streamErr != nil {
+					return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending filesystem event: %w", streamErr))
+				}
+
+				resetKeepalive()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/filesystem/watch_sync.go

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesystem
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sync"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/e2b-dev/fsnotify"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/shared/id"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+type FileWatcher struct {
+	watcher *fsnotify.Watcher
+	Events  []*rpc.FilesystemEvent
+	cancel  func()
+	Error   error
+
+	Lock sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func CreateFileWatcher(ctx context.Context, watchPath string, recursive bool, operationID string, logger *zerolog.Logger) (*FileWatcher, error) {
+	w, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error creating watcher: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	// We don't want to cancel the context when the request is finished
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.WithoutCancel(ctx))
+
+	err = w.Add(utils.FsnotifyPath(watchPath, recursive))
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = w.Close()
+		cancel()
+
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error adding path %s to watcher: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+	fw := &FileWatcher{
+		watcher: w,
+		cancel:  cancel,
+		Events:  []*rpc.FilesystemEvent{},
+		Error:   nil,
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case chErr, ok := <-w.Errors:
+				if !ok {
+					fw.Error = connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher error channel closed"))
+
+					return
+				}
+
+				fw.Error = connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher error: %w", chErr))
+
+				return
+			case e, ok := <-w.Events:
+				if !ok {
+					fw.Error = connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("watcher event channel closed"))
+
+					return
+				}
+
+				// One event can have multiple operations.
+				ops := []rpc.EventType{}
+
+				if fsnotify.Create.Has(e.Op) {
+					ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_CREATE)
+				}
+
+				if fsnotify.Rename.Has(e.Op) {
+					ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_RENAME)
+				}
+
+				if fsnotify.Chmod.Has(e.Op) {
+					ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_CHMOD)
+				}
+
+				if fsnotify.Write.Has(e.Op) {
+					ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_WRITE)
+				}
+
+				if fsnotify.Remove.Has(e.Op) {
+					ops = append(ops, rpc.EventType_EVENT_TYPE_REMOVE)
+				}
+
+				for _, op := range ops {
+					name, nameErr := filepath.Rel(watchPath, e.Name)
+					if nameErr != nil {
+						fw.Error = connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error getting relative path: %w", nameErr))
+
+						return
+					}
+
+					fw.Lock.Lock()
+					fw.Events = append(fw.Events, &rpc.FilesystemEvent{
+						Name: name,
+						Type: op,
+					})
+					fw.Lock.Unlock()
+
+					// these are only used for logging
+					filesystemEvent := &rpc.WatchDirResponse_Filesystem{
+						Filesystem: &rpc.FilesystemEvent{
+							Name: name,
+							Type: op,
+						},
+					}
+					event := &rpc.WatchDirResponse{
+						Event: filesystemEvent,
+					}
+
+					logger.
+						Debug().
+						Str("event_type", "filesystem_event").
+						Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), operationID).
+						Interface("filesystem_event", event).
+						Msg("Streaming filesystem event")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return fw, nil
+}
+
+func (fw *FileWatcher) Close() {
+	_ = fw.watcher.Close()
+	fw.cancel()
+}
+
+func (s Service) CreateWatcher(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.CreateWatcherResponse], error) {
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	watchPath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.Msg.GetPath(), u, s.defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	info, err := os.Stat(watchPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("path %s not found: %w", watchPath, err))
+		}
+
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error statting path %s: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("path %s not a directory: %w", watchPath, err))
+	}
+
+	// Check if path is on a network filesystem mount
+	isNetworkMount, err := IsPathOnNetworkMount(watchPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error checking mount status: %w", err))
+	}
+	if isNetworkMount {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("cannot watch path on network filesystem: %s", watchPath))
+	}
+
+	watcherId := "w" + id.Generate()
+
+	w, err := CreateFileWatcher(ctx, watchPath, req.Msg.GetRecursive(), watcherId, s.logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	s.watchers.Store(watcherId, w)
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.CreateWatcherResponse{
+		WatcherId: watcherId,
+	}), nil
+}
+
+func (s Service) GetWatcherEvents(_ context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error) {
+	watcherId := req.Msg.GetWatcherId()
+
+	w, ok := s.watchers.Load(watcherId)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("watcher with id %s not found", watcherId))
+	}
+
+	if w.Error != nil {
+		return nil, w.Error
+	}
+
+	w.Lock.Lock()
+	defer w.Lock.Unlock()
+	events := w.Events
+	w.Events = []*rpc.FilesystemEvent{}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.GetWatcherEventsResponse{
+		Events: events,
+	}), nil
+}
+
+func (s Service) RemoveWatcher(_ context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.RemoveWatcherResponse], error) {
+	watcherId := req.Msg.GetWatcherId()
+
+	w, ok := s.watchers.Load(watcherId)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("watcher with id %s not found", watcherId))
+	}
+
+	w.Close()
+	s.watchers.Delete(watcherId)
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.RemoveWatcherResponse{}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) Connect(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.ConnectRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.ConnectResponse]) error {
+	return logs.LogServerStreamWithoutEvents(ctx, s.logger, req, stream, s.handleConnect)
+}
+
+func (s *Service) handleConnect(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.ConnectRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.ConnectResponse]) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancelCause(ctx)
+	defer cancel(nil)
+
+	proc, err := s.getProcess(req.Msg.GetProcess())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	exitChan := make(chan struct{})
+
+	data, dataCancel := proc.DataEvent.Fork()
+	defer dataCancel()
+
+	end, endCancel := proc.EndEvent.Fork()
+	defer endCancel()
+
+	streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.ConnectResponse{
+		Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+			Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent_Start{
+				Start: &rpc.ProcessEvent_StartEvent{
+					Pid: proc.Pid(),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if streamErr != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending start event: %w", streamErr))
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(exitChan)
+
+		keepaliveTicker, resetKeepalive := permissions.GetKeepAliveTicker(req)
+		defer keepaliveTicker.Stop()
+
+	dataLoop:
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-keepaliveTicker.C:
+				streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.ConnectResponse{
+					Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+						Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent_Keepalive{
+							Keepalive: &rpc.ProcessEvent_KeepAlive{},
+						},
+					},
+				})
+				if streamErr != nil {
+					cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending keepalive: %w", streamErr)))
+
+					return
+				}
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				cancel(ctx.Err())
+
+				return
+			case event, ok := <-data:
+				if !ok {
+					break dataLoop
+				}
+
+				streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.ConnectResponse{
+					Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+						Event: &event,
+					},
+				})
+				if streamErr != nil {
+					cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending data event: %w", streamErr)))
+
+					return
+				}
+
+				resetKeepalive()
+			}
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			cancel(ctx.Err())
+
+			return
+		case event, ok := <-end:
+			if !ok {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, errors.New("end event channel closed before sending end event")))
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.ConnectResponse{
+				Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+					Event: &event,
+				},
+			})
+			if streamErr != nil {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending end event: %w", streamErr)))
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-exitChan:
+		return nil
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/process/handler/handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/user"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/creack/pty"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/cgroups"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultNice      = 0
+	defaultOomScore  = 100
+	outputBufferSize = 64
+	stdChunkSize     = 2 << 14
+	ptyChunkSize     = 2 << 13
+)
+
+type ProcessExit struct {
+	Error  *string
+	Status string
+	Exited bool
+	Code   int32
+}
+
+type Handler struct {
+	Config *rpc.ProcessConfig
+
+	logger *zerolog.Logger
+
+	Tag *string
+	cmd *exec.Cmd
+	tty *os.File
+
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	outCtx    context.Context //nolint:containedctx // todo: refactor so this can be removed
+	outCancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	stdinMu sync.Mutex
+	stdin   io.WriteCloser
+
+	DataEvent *MultiplexedChannel[rpc.ProcessEvent_Data]
+	EndEvent  *MultiplexedChannel[rpc.ProcessEvent_End]
+}
+
+// This method must be called only after the process has been started
+func (p *Handler) Pid() uint32 {
+	return uint32(p.cmd.Process.Pid)
+}
+
+// userCommand returns a human-readable representation of the user's original command,
+// without the internal OOM/nice wrapper that is prepended to the actual exec.
+func (p *Handler) userCommand() string {
+	return strings.Join(append([]string{p.Config.GetCmd()}, p.Config.GetArgs()...), " ")
+}
+
+// currentNice returns the nice value of the current process.
+func currentNice() int {
+	prio, err := syscall.Getpriority(syscall.PRIO_PROCESS, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	// Getpriority returns 20 - nice on Linux.
+	return 20 - prio
+}
+
+func New(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	user *user.User,
+	req *rpc.StartRequest,
+	logger *zerolog.Logger,
+	defaults *execcontext.Defaults,
+	cgroupManager cgroups.Manager,
+	cancel context.CancelFunc,
+) (*Handler, error) {
+	// User command string for logging (without the internal wrapper details).
+	userCmd := strings.Join(append([]string{req.GetProcess().GetCmd()}, req.GetProcess().GetArgs()...), " ")
+
+	// Wrap the command in a shell that sets the OOM score and nice value before exec-ing the actual command.
+	// This eliminates the race window where grandchildren could inherit the parent's protected OOM score (-1000)
+	// or high CPU priority (nice -20) before the post-start calls had a chance to correct them.
+	// nice(1) applies a relative adjustment, so we compute the delta from the current (inherited) nice to the target.
+	niceDelta := defaultNice - currentNice()
+	oomWrapperScript := fmt.Sprintf(`echo %d > /proc/$$/oom_score_adj && exec /usr/bin/nice -n %d "${@}"`, defaultOomScore, niceDelta)
+	wrapperArgs := append([]string{"-c", oomWrapperScript, "--", req.GetProcess().GetCmd()}, req.GetProcess().GetArgs()...)
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "/bin/sh", wrapperArgs...)
+
+	uid, gid, err := permissions.GetUserIdUints(user)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, err)
+	}
+
+	groups := []uint32{gid}
+	if gids, err := user.GroupIds(); err != nil {
+		logger.Warn().Err(err).Str("user", user.Username).Msg("failed to get supplementary groups")
+	} else {
+		for _, g := range gids {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(g, 10, 32); err == nil {
+				groups = append(groups, uint32(parsed))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	cgroupFD, ok := cgroupManager.GetFileDescriptor(getProcType(req))
+
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		UseCgroupFD: ok,
+		CgroupFD:    cgroupFD,
+		Credential: &syscall.Credential{
+			Uid:    uid,
+			Gid:    gid,
+			Groups: groups,
+		},
+	}
+
+	resolvedPath, err := permissions.ExpandAndResolve(req.GetProcess().GetCwd(), user, defaults.Workdir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if the cwd resolved path exists
+	if _, err := os.Stat(resolvedPath); errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("cwd '%s' does not exist", resolvedPath))
+	}
+
+	cmd.Dir = resolvedPath
+
+	var formattedVars []string
+
+	// Take only 'PATH' variable from the current environment
+	// The 'PATH' should ideally be set in the environment
+	formattedVars = append(formattedVars, "PATH="+os.Getenv("PATH"))
+	formattedVars = append(formattedVars, "HOME="+user.HomeDir)
+	formattedVars = append(formattedVars, "USER="+user.Username)
+	formattedVars = append(formattedVars, "LOGNAME="+user.Username)
+
+	// Add the environment variables from the global environment
+	if defaults.EnvVars != nil {
+		defaults.EnvVars.Range(func(key string, value string) bool {
+			formattedVars = append(formattedVars, key+"="+value)
+
+			return true
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Only the last values of the env vars are used - this allows for overwriting defaults
+	for key, value := range req.GetProcess().GetEnvs() {
+		formattedVars = append(formattedVars, key+"="+value)
+	}
+
+	cmd.Env = formattedVars
+
+	outMultiplex := NewMultiplexedChannel[rpc.ProcessEvent_Data](outputBufferSize)
+
+	var outWg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	// Create a context for waiting for and cancelling output pipes.
+	// Cancellation of the process via timeout will propagate and cancel this context too.
+	outCtx, outCancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+
+	h := &Handler{
+		Config:    req.GetProcess(),
+		cmd:       cmd,
+		Tag:       req.Tag,
+		DataEvent: outMultiplex,
+		cancel:    cancel,
+		outCtx:    outCtx,
+		outCancel: outCancel,
+		EndEvent:  NewMultiplexedChannel[rpc.ProcessEvent_End](0),
+		logger:    logger,
+	}
+
+	if req.GetPty() != nil {
+		// The pty should ideally start only in the Start method, but the package does not support that and we would have to code it manually.
+		// The output of the pty should correctly be passed though.
+		tty, err := pty.StartWithSize(cmd, &pty.Winsize{
+			Cols: uint16(req.GetPty().GetSize().GetCols()),
+			Rows: uint16(req.GetPty().GetSize().GetRows()),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, fmt.Errorf("error starting pty with command '%s' in dir '%s' with '%d' cols and '%d' rows: %w", userCmd, cmd.Dir, req.GetPty().GetSize().GetCols(), req.GetPty().GetSize().GetRows(), err))
+		}
+
+		outWg.Go(func() {
+			for {
+				buf := make([]byte, ptyChunkSize)
+
+				n, readErr := tty.Read(buf)
+
+				if n > 0 {
+					outMultiplex.Source <- rpc.ProcessEvent_Data{
+						Data: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent{
+							Output: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent_Pty{
+								Pty: buf[:n],
+							},
+						},
+					}
+				}
+
+				if errors.Is(readErr, io.EOF) {
+					break
+				}
+
+				if readErr != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error reading from pty: %s\n", readErr)
+
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		})
+
+		h.tty = tty
+	} else {
+		stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error creating stdout pipe for command '%s': %w", userCmd, err))
+		}
+
+		outWg.Go(func() {
+			stdoutLogs := make(chan []byte, outputBufferSize)
+			defer close(stdoutLogs)
+
+			stdoutLogger := logger.With().Str("event_type", "stdout").Logger()
+
+			go logs.LogBufferedDataEvents(stdoutLogs, &stdoutLogger, "data")
+
+			for {
+				buf := make([]byte, stdChunkSize)
+
+				n, readErr := stdout.Read(buf)
+
+				if n > 0 {
+					outMultiplex.Source <- rpc.ProcessEvent_Data{
+						Data: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent{
+							Output: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent_Stdout{
+								Stdout: buf[:n],
+							},
+						},
+					}
+
+					stdoutLogs <- buf[:n]
+				}
+
+				if errors.Is(readErr, io.EOF) {
+					break
+				}
+
+				if readErr != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error reading from stdout: %s\n", readErr)
+
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		})
+
+		stderr, err := cmd.StderrPipe()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error creating stderr pipe for command '%s': %w", userCmd, err))
+		}
+
+		outWg.Go(func() {
+			stderrLogs := make(chan []byte, outputBufferSize)
+			defer close(stderrLogs)
+
+			stderrLogger := logger.With().Str("event_type", "stderr").Logger()
+
+			go logs.LogBufferedDataEvents(stderrLogs, &stderrLogger, "data")
+
+			for {
+				buf := make([]byte, stdChunkSize)
+
+				n, readErr := stderr.Read(buf)
+
+				if n > 0 {
+					outMultiplex.Source <- rpc.ProcessEvent_Data{
+						Data: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent{
+							Output: &rpc.ProcessEvent_DataEvent_Stderr{
+								Stderr: buf[:n],
+							},
+						},
+					}
+
+					stderrLogs <- buf[:n]
+				}
+
+				if errors.Is(readErr, io.EOF) {
+					break
+				}
+
+				if readErr != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error reading from stderr: %s\n", readErr)
+
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		})
+
+		// For backwards compatibility we still set the stdin if not explicitly disabled
+		// If stdin is disabled, the process will use /dev/null as stdin
+		if req.Stdin == nil || req.GetStdin() == true {
+			stdin, err := cmd.StdinPipe()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error creating stdin pipe for command '%s': %w", userCmd, err))
+			}
+
+			h.stdin = stdin
+		}
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		outWg.Wait()
+
+		close(outMultiplex.Source)
+
+		outCancel()
+	}()
+
+	return h, nil
+}
+
+func getProcType(req *rpc.StartRequest) cgroups.ProcessType {
+	if req != nil && req.GetPty() != nil {
+		return cgroups.ProcessTypePTY
+	}
+
+	return cgroups.ProcessTypeUser
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) SendSignal(signal syscall.Signal) error {
+	if p.cmd.Process == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("process not started")
+	}
+
+	if signal == syscall.SIGKILL || signal == syscall.SIGTERM {
+		p.outCancel()
+	}
+
+	return p.cmd.Process.Signal(signal)
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) ResizeTty(size *pty.Winsize) error {
+	if p.tty == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("tty not assigned to process")
+	}
+
+	return pty.Setsize(p.tty, size)
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) WriteStdin(data []byte) error {
+	if p.tty != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("tty assigned to process — input should be written to the pty, not the stdin")
+	}
+
+	p.stdinMu.Lock()
+	defer p.stdinMu.Unlock()
+
+	if p.stdin == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("stdin not enabled or closed")
+	}
+
+	_, err := p.stdin.Write(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error writing to stdin of process '%d': %w", p.cmd.Process.Pid, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CloseStdin closes the stdin pipe to signal EOF to the process.
+// Only works for non-PTY processes.
+func (p *Handler) CloseStdin() error {
+	if p.tty != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot close stdin for PTY process — send Ctrl+D (0x04) instead")
+	}
+
+	p.stdinMu.Lock()
+	defer p.stdinMu.Unlock()
+
+	if p.stdin == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := p.stdin.Close()
+	// We still set the stdin to nil even on error as there are no errors,
+	// for which it is really safe to retry close across all distributions.
+	p.stdin = nil
+
+	return err
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) WriteTty(data []byte) error {
+	if p.tty == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("tty not assigned to process — input should be written to the stdin, not the tty")
+	}
+
+	_, err := p.tty.Write(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error writing to tty of process '%d': %w", p.cmd.Process.Pid, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) Start() (uint32, error) {
+	// Pty is already started in the New method
+	if p.tty == nil {
+		err := p.cmd.Start()
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("error starting process '%s': %w", p.userCommand(), err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	p.logger.
+		Info().
+		Str("event_type", "process_start").
+		Int("pid", p.cmd.Process.Pid).
+		Str("command", p.userCommand()).
+		Msg(fmt.Sprintf("Process with pid %d started", p.cmd.Process.Pid))
+
+	return uint32(p.cmd.Process.Pid), nil
+}
+
+func (p *Handler) Wait() {
+	// Wait for the output pipes to be closed or cancelled.
+	<-p.outCtx.Done()
+
+	err := p.cmd.Wait()
+
+	p.tty.Close()
+
+	var errMsg *string
+
+	if err != nil {
+		msg := err.Error()
+		errMsg = &msg
+	}
+
+	endEvent := &rpc.ProcessEvent_EndEvent{
+		Error:    errMsg,
+		ExitCode: int32(p.cmd.ProcessState.ExitCode()),
+		Exited:   p.cmd.ProcessState.Exited(),
+		Status:   p.cmd.ProcessState.String(),
+	}
+
+	event := rpc.ProcessEvent_End{
+		End: endEvent,
+	}
+
+	p.EndEvent.Source <- event
+
+	p.logger.
+		Info().
+		Str("event_type", "process_end").
+		Interface("process_result", endEvent).
+		Msg(fmt.Sprintf("Process with pid %d ended", p.cmd.Process.Pid))
+
+	// Ensure the process cancel is called to cleanup resources.
+	// As it is called after end event and Wait, it should not affect command execution or returned events.
+	p.cancel()
+}

envd/internal/services/process/handler/multiplex.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+)
+
+type MultiplexedChannel[T any] struct {
+	Source   chan T
+	channels []chan T
+	mu       sync.RWMutex
+	exited   atomic.Bool
+}
+
+func NewMultiplexedChannel[T any](buffer int) *MultiplexedChannel[T] {
+	c := &MultiplexedChannel[T]{
+		channels: nil,
+		Source:   make(chan T, buffer),
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		for v := range c.Source {
+			c.mu.RLock()
+
+			for _, cons := range c.channels {
+				cons <- v
+			}
+
+			c.mu.RUnlock()
+		}
+
+		c.exited.Store(true)
+
+		for _, cons := range c.channels {
+			close(cons)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return c
+}
+
+func (m *MultiplexedChannel[T]) Fork() (chan T, func()) {
+	if m.exited.Load() {
+		ch := make(chan T)
+		close(ch)
+
+		return ch, func() {}
+	}
+
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	consumer := make(chan T)
+
+	m.channels = append(m.channels, consumer)
+
+	return consumer, func() {
+		m.remove(consumer)
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *MultiplexedChannel[T]) remove(consumer chan T) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for i, ch := range m.channels {
+		if ch == consumer {
+			m.channels = append(m.channels[:i], m.channels[i+1:]...)
+
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}

envd/internal/services/process/input.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/process/handler"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func handleInput(ctx context.Context, process *handler.Handler, in *rpc.ProcessInput, logger *zerolog.Logger) error {
+	switch in.GetInput().(type) {
+	case *rpc.ProcessInput_Pty:
+		err := process.WriteTty(in.GetPty())
+		if err != nil {
+			return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error writing to tty: %w", err))
+		}
+
+	case *rpc.ProcessInput_Stdin:
+		err := process.WriteStdin(in.GetStdin())
+		if err != nil {
+			return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error writing to stdin: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		logger.Debug().
+			Str("event_type", "stdin").
+			Interface("stdin", in.GetStdin()).
+			Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(logs.OperationIDKey).(string)).
+			Msg("Streaming input to process")
+
+	default:
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, fmt.Errorf("invalid input type %T", in.GetInput()))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) SendInput(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.SendInputResponse], error) {
+	proc, err := s.getProcess(req.Msg.GetProcess())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = handleInput(ctx, proc, req.Msg.GetInput(), s.logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.SendInputResponse{}), nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) StreamInput(ctx context.Context, stream *connect.ClientStream[rpc.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.StreamInputResponse], error) {
+	return logs.LogClientStreamWithoutEvents(ctx, s.logger, stream, s.streamInputHandler)
+}
+
+func (s *Service) streamInputHandler(ctx context.Context, stream *connect.ClientStream[rpc.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.StreamInputResponse], error) {
+	var proc *handler.Handler
+
+	for stream.Receive() {
+		req := stream.Msg()
+
+		switch req.GetEvent().(type) {
+		case *rpc.StreamInputRequest_Start:
+			p, err := s.getProcess(req.GetStart().GetProcess())
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			proc = p
+		case *rpc.StreamInputRequest_Data:
+			err := handleInput(ctx, proc, req.GetData().GetInput(), s.logger)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		case *rpc.StreamInputRequest_Keepalive:
+		default:
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, fmt.Errorf("invalid event type %T", req.GetEvent()))
+		}
+	}
+
+	err := stream.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error streaming input: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.StreamInputResponse{}), nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) CloseStdin(
+	_ context.Context,
+	req *connect.Request[rpc.CloseStdinRequest],
+) (*connect.Response[rpc.CloseStdinResponse], error) {
+	handler, err := s.getProcess(req.Msg.GetProcess())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := handler.CloseStdin(); err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error closing stdin: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.CloseStdinResponse{}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/list.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/process/handler"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) List(context.Context, *connect.Request[rpc.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.ListResponse], error) {
+	processes := make([]*rpc.ProcessInfo, 0)
+
+	s.processes.Range(func(pid uint32, value *handler.Handler) bool {
+		processes = append(processes, &rpc.ProcessInfo{
+			Pid:    pid,
+			Tag:    value.Tag,
+			Config: value.Config,
+		})
+
+		return true
+	})
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.ListResponse{
+		Processes: processes,
+	}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/execcontext"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/cgroups"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/process/handler"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+	spec "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process/processconnect"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/utils"
+)
+
+type Service struct {
+	processes     *utils.Map[uint32, *handler.Handler]
+	logger        *zerolog.Logger
+	defaults      *execcontext.Defaults
+	cgroupManager cgroups.Manager
+}
+
+func newService(l *zerolog.Logger, defaults *execcontext.Defaults, cgroupManager cgroups.Manager) *Service {
+	return &Service{
+		logger:        l,
+		processes:     utils.NewMap[uint32, *handler.Handler](),
+		defaults:      defaults,
+		cgroupManager: cgroupManager,
+	}
+}
+
+func Handle(server *chi.Mux, l *zerolog.Logger, defaults *execcontext.Defaults, cgroupManager cgroups.Manager) *Service {
+	service := newService(l, defaults, cgroupManager)
+
+	interceptors := connect.WithInterceptors(logs.NewUnaryLogInterceptor(l))
+
+	path, h := spec.NewProcessHandler(service, interceptors)
+
+	server.Mount(path, h)
+
+	return service
+}
+
+func (s *Service) getProcess(selector *rpc.ProcessSelector) (*handler.Handler, error) {
+	var proc *handler.Handler
+
+	switch selector.GetSelector().(type) {
+	case *rpc.ProcessSelector_Pid:
+		p, ok := s.processes.Load(selector.GetPid())
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("process with pid %d not found", selector.GetPid()))
+		}
+
+		proc = p
+	case *rpc.ProcessSelector_Tag:
+		tag := selector.GetTag()
+
+		s.processes.Range(func(_ uint32, value *handler.Handler) bool {
+			if value.Tag == nil {
+				return true
+			}
+
+			if *value.Tag == tag {
+				proc = value
+
+				return true
+			}
+
+			return false
+		})
+
+		if proc == nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeNotFound, fmt.Errorf("process with tag %s not found", tag))
+		}
+
+	default:
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, fmt.Errorf("invalid input type %T", selector))
+	}
+
+	return proc, nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/signal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) SendSignal(
+	_ context.Context,
+	req *connect.Request[rpc.SendSignalRequest],
+) (*connect.Response[rpc.SendSignalResponse], error) {
+	handler, err := s.getProcess(req.Msg.GetProcess())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var signal syscall.Signal
+	switch req.Msg.GetSignal() {
+	case rpc.Signal_SIGNAL_SIGKILL:
+		signal = syscall.SIGKILL
+	case rpc.Signal_SIGNAL_SIGTERM:
+		signal = syscall.SIGTERM
+	default:
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, fmt.Errorf("invalid signal: %s", req.Msg.GetSignal()))
+	}
+
+	err = handler.SendSignal(signal)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error sending signal: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.SendSignalResponse{}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/start.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"os/user"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/logs"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/permissions"
+	"git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/process/handler"
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) InitializeStartProcess(ctx context.Context, user *user.User, req *rpc.StartRequest) error {
+	var err error
+
+	ctx = logs.AddRequestIDToContext(ctx)
+
+	defer s.logger.
+		Err(err).
+		Interface("request", req).
+		Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(logs.OperationIDKey).(string)).
+		Msg("Initialized startCmd")
+
+	handlerL := s.logger.With().Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(logs.OperationIDKey).(string)).Logger()
+
+	startProcCtx, startProcCancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	proc, err := handler.New(startProcCtx, user, req, &handlerL, s.defaults, s.cgroupManager, startProcCancel)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	pid, err := proc.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	s.processes.Store(pid, proc)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer s.processes.Delete(pid)
+
+		proc.Wait()
+	}()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) Start(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.StartRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.StartResponse]) error {
+	return logs.LogServerStreamWithoutEvents(ctx, s.logger, req, stream, s.handleStart)
+}
+
+func (s *Service) handleStart(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.StartRequest], stream *connect.ServerStream[rpc.StartResponse]) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancelCause(ctx)
+	defer cancel(nil)
+
+	handlerL := s.logger.With().Str(string(logs.OperationIDKey), ctx.Value(logs.OperationIDKey).(string)).Logger()
+
+	u, err := permissions.GetAuthUser(ctx, s.defaults.User)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	timeout, err := determineTimeoutFromHeader(stream.Conn().RequestHeader())
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a new context with a timeout if provided.
+	// We do not want the command to be killed if the request context is cancelled
+	procCtx, cancelProc := context.Background(), func() {}
+	if timeout > 0 { // zero timeout means no timeout
+		procCtx, cancelProc = context.WithTimeout(procCtx, timeout)
+	}
+
+	proc, err := handler.New( //nolint:contextcheck // TODO: fix this later
+		procCtx,
+		u,
+		req.Msg,
+		&handlerL,
+		s.defaults,
+		s.cgroupManager,
+		cancelProc,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Ensure the process cancel is called to cleanup resources.
+		cancelProc()
+
+		return err
+	}
+
+	exitChan := make(chan struct{})
+
+	startMultiplexer := handler.NewMultiplexedChannel[rpc.ProcessEvent_Start](0)
+	defer close(startMultiplexer.Source)
+
+	start, startCancel := startMultiplexer.Fork()
+	defer startCancel()
+
+	data, dataCancel := proc.DataEvent.Fork()
+	defer dataCancel()
+
+	end, endCancel := proc.EndEvent.Fork()
+	defer endCancel()
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(exitChan)
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			cancel(ctx.Err())
+
+			return
+		case event, ok := <-start:
+			if !ok {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, errors.New("start event channel closed before sending start event")))
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.StartResponse{
+				Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+					Event: &event,
+				},
+			})
+			if streamErr != nil {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending start event: %w", streamErr)))
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		keepaliveTicker, resetKeepalive := permissions.GetKeepAliveTicker(req)
+		defer keepaliveTicker.Stop()
+
+	dataLoop:
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-keepaliveTicker.C:
+				streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.StartResponse{
+					Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+						Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent_Keepalive{
+							Keepalive: &rpc.ProcessEvent_KeepAlive{},
+						},
+					},
+				})
+				if streamErr != nil {
+					cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending keepalive: %w", streamErr)))
+
+					return
+				}
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				cancel(ctx.Err())
+
+				return
+			case event, ok := <-data:
+				if !ok {
+					break dataLoop
+				}
+
+				streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.StartResponse{
+					Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+						Event: &event,
+					},
+				})
+				if streamErr != nil {
+					cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending data event: %w", streamErr)))
+
+					return
+				}
+
+				resetKeepalive()
+			}
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			cancel(ctx.Err())
+
+			return
+		case event, ok := <-end:
+			if !ok {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, errors.New("end event channel closed before sending end event")))
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			streamErr := stream.Send(&rpc.StartResponse{
+				Event: &rpc.ProcessEvent{
+					Event: &event,
+				},
+			})
+			if streamErr != nil {
+				cancel(connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnknown, fmt.Errorf("error sending end event: %w", streamErr)))
+
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	pid, err := proc.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		return connect.NewError(connect.CodeInvalidArgument, err)
+	}
+
+	s.processes.Store(pid, proc)
+
+	start <- rpc.ProcessEvent_Start{
+		Start: &rpc.ProcessEvent_StartEvent{
+			Pid: pid,
+		},
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		defer s.processes.Delete(pid)
+
+		proc.Wait()
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-exitChan:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func determineTimeoutFromHeader(header http.Header) (time.Duration, error) {
+	timeoutHeader := header.Get("Connect-Timeout-Ms")
+
+	if timeoutHeader == "" {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	timeout, err := strconv.Atoi(timeoutHeader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	return time.Duration(timeout) * time.Millisecond, nil
+}

envd/internal/services/process/update.go

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package process
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"connectrpc.com/connect"
+	"github.com/creack/pty"
+
+	rpc "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) Update(_ context.Context, req *connect.Request[rpc.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[rpc.UpdateResponse], error) {
+	proc, err := s.getProcess(req.Msg.GetProcess())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if req.Msg.GetPty() != nil {
+		err := proc.ResizeTty(&pty.Winsize{
+			Rows: uint16(req.Msg.GetPty().GetSize().GetRows()),
+			Cols: uint16(req.Msg.GetPty().GetSize().GetCols()),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeInternal, fmt.Errorf("error resizing tty: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return connect.NewResponse(&rpc.UpdateResponse{}), nil
+}

envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem/filesystemconnect/filesystem.connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+// Code generated by protoc-gen-connect-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+//
+// Source: filesystem/filesystem.proto
+
+package filesystemconnect
+
+import (
+	connect "connectrpc.com/connect"
+	context "context"
+	errors "errors"
+	filesystem "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/filesystem"
+	http "net/http"
+	strings "strings"
+)
+
+// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file and the connect package are
+// compatible. If you get a compiler error that this constant is not defined, this code was
+// generated with a version of connect newer than the one compiled into your binary. You can fix the
+// problem by either regenerating this code with an older version of connect or updating the connect
+// version compiled into your binary.
+const _ = connect.IsAtLeastVersion1_13_0
+
+const (
+	// FilesystemName is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem service.
+	FilesystemName = "filesystem.Filesystem"
+)
+
+// These constants are the fully-qualified names of the RPCs defined in this package. They're
+// exposed at runtime as Spec.Procedure and as the final two segments of the HTTP route.
+//
+// Note that these are different from the fully-qualified method names used by
+// google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect. To convert from these constants to
+// reflection-formatted method names, remove the leading slash and convert the remaining slash to a
+// period.
+const (
+	// FilesystemStatProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Stat RPC.
+	FilesystemStatProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Stat"
+	// FilesystemMakeDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's MakeDir RPC.
+	FilesystemMakeDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/MakeDir"
+	// FilesystemMoveProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Move RPC.
+	FilesystemMoveProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Move"
+	// FilesystemListDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's ListDir RPC.
+	FilesystemListDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/ListDir"
+	// FilesystemRemoveProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Remove RPC.
+	FilesystemRemoveProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Remove"
+	// FilesystemWatchDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's WatchDir RPC.
+	FilesystemWatchDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/WatchDir"
+	// FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's CreateWatcher
+	// RPC.
+	FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/CreateWatcher"
+	// FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's
+	// GetWatcherEvents RPC.
+	FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/GetWatcherEvents"
+	// FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's RemoveWatcher
+	// RPC.
+	FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/RemoveWatcher"
+)
+
+// FilesystemClient is a client for the filesystem.Filesystem service.
+type FilesystemClient interface {
+	Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.StatResponse], error)
+	MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MakeDirResponse], error)
+	Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MoveResponse], error)
+	ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.ListDirResponse], error)
+	Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveResponse], error)
+	WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.WatchDirRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[filesystem.WatchDirResponse], error)
+	// Non-streaming versions of WatchDir
+	CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse], error)
+	GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error)
+	RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewFilesystemClient constructs a client for the filesystem.Filesystem service. By default, it
+// uses the Connect protocol with the binary Protobuf Codec, asks for gzipped responses, and sends
+// uncompressed requests. To use the gRPC or gRPC-Web protocols, supply the connect.WithGRPC() or
+// connect.WithGRPCWeb() options.
+//
+// The URL supplied here should be the base URL for the Connect or gRPC server (for example,
+// http://api.acme.com or https://acme.com/grpc).
+func NewFilesystemClient(httpClient connect.HTTPClient, baseURL string, opts ...connect.ClientOption) FilesystemClient {
+	baseURL = strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/")
+	filesystemMethods := filesystem.File_filesystem_filesystem_proto.Services().ByName("Filesystem").Methods()
+	return &filesystemClient{
+		stat: connect.NewClient[filesystem.StatRequest, filesystem.StatResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemStatProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Stat")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		makeDir: connect.NewClient[filesystem.MakeDirRequest, filesystem.MakeDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemMakeDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("MakeDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		move: connect.NewClient[filesystem.MoveRequest, filesystem.MoveResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemMoveProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Move")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		listDir: connect.NewClient[filesystem.ListDirRequest, filesystem.ListDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemListDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("ListDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		remove: connect.NewClient[filesystem.RemoveRequest, filesystem.RemoveResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemRemoveProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Remove")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		watchDir: connect.NewClient[filesystem.WatchDirRequest, filesystem.WatchDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemWatchDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("WatchDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		createWatcher: connect.NewClient[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest, filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("CreateWatcher")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		getWatcherEvents: connect.NewClient[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest, filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("GetWatcherEvents")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		removeWatcher: connect.NewClient[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest, filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("RemoveWatcher")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+// filesystemClient implements FilesystemClient.
+type filesystemClient struct {
+	stat             *connect.Client[filesystem.StatRequest, filesystem.StatResponse]
+	makeDir          *connect.Client[filesystem.MakeDirRequest, filesystem.MakeDirResponse]
+	move             *connect.Client[filesystem.MoveRequest, filesystem.MoveResponse]
+	listDir          *connect.Client[filesystem.ListDirRequest, filesystem.ListDirResponse]
+	remove           *connect.Client[filesystem.RemoveRequest, filesystem.RemoveResponse]
+	watchDir         *connect.Client[filesystem.WatchDirRequest, filesystem.WatchDirResponse]
+	createWatcher    *connect.Client[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest, filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse]
+	getWatcherEvents *connect.Client[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest, filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse]
+	removeWatcher    *connect.Client[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest, filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse]
+}
+
+// Stat calls filesystem.Filesystem.Stat.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Stat(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.StatResponse], error) {
+	return c.stat.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// MakeDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.MakeDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) MakeDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MakeDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.makeDir.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Move calls filesystem.Filesystem.Move.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Move(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MoveResponse], error) {
+	return c.move.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// ListDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.ListDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) ListDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.ListDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.listDir.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Remove calls filesystem.Filesystem.Remove.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Remove(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveResponse], error) {
+	return c.remove.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// WatchDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.WatchDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) WatchDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.WatchDirRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[filesystem.WatchDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.watchDir.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// CreateWatcher calls filesystem.Filesystem.CreateWatcher.
+func (c *filesystemClient) CreateWatcher(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return c.createWatcher.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// GetWatcherEvents calls filesystem.Filesystem.GetWatcherEvents.
+func (c *filesystemClient) GetWatcherEvents(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error) {
+	return c.getWatcherEvents.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// RemoveWatcher calls filesystem.Filesystem.RemoveWatcher.
+func (c *filesystemClient) RemoveWatcher(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return c.removeWatcher.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// FilesystemHandler is an implementation of the filesystem.Filesystem service.
+type FilesystemHandler interface {
+	Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.StatResponse], error)
+	MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MakeDirResponse], error)
+	Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MoveResponse], error)
+	ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.ListDirResponse], error)
+	Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveResponse], error)
+	WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.WatchDirRequest], *connect.ServerStream[filesystem.WatchDirResponse]) error
+	// Non-streaming versions of WatchDir
+	CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse], error)
+	GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error)
+	RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewFilesystemHandler builds an HTTP handler from the service implementation. It returns the path
+// on which to mount the handler and the handler itself.
+//
+// By default, handlers support the Connect, gRPC, and gRPC-Web protocols with the binary Protobuf
+// and JSON codecs. They also support gzip compression.
+func NewFilesystemHandler(svc FilesystemHandler, opts ...connect.HandlerOption) (string, http.Handler) {
+	filesystemMethods := filesystem.File_filesystem_filesystem_proto.Services().ByName("Filesystem").Methods()
+	filesystemStatHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemStatProcedure,
+		svc.Stat,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Stat")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemMakeDirHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemMakeDirProcedure,
+		svc.MakeDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("MakeDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemMoveHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemMoveProcedure,
+		svc.Move,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Move")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemListDirHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemListDirProcedure,
+		svc.ListDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("ListDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemRemoveHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemRemoveProcedure,
+		svc.Remove,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Remove")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemWatchDirHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		FilesystemWatchDirProcedure,
+		svc.WatchDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("WatchDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemCreateWatcherHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure,
+		svc.CreateWatcher,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("CreateWatcher")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemGetWatcherEventsHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure,
+		svc.GetWatcherEvents,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("GetWatcherEvents")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemRemoveWatcherHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure,
+		svc.RemoveWatcher,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("RemoveWatcher")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	return "/filesystem.Filesystem/", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case FilesystemStatProcedure:
+			filesystemStatHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemMakeDirProcedure:
+			filesystemMakeDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemMoveProcedure:
+			filesystemMoveHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemListDirProcedure:
+			filesystemListDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemRemoveProcedure:
+			filesystemRemoveHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemWatchDirProcedure:
+			filesystemWatchDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure:
+			filesystemCreateWatcherHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure:
+			filesystemGetWatcherEventsHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure:
+			filesystemRemoveWatcherHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// UnimplementedFilesystemHandler returns CodeUnimplemented from all methods.
+type UnimplementedFilesystemHandler struct{}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.StatResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Stat is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MakeDirResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.MakeDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.MoveResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Move is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.ListDirResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.ListDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Remove is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.WatchDirRequest], *connect.ServerStream[filesystem.WatchDirResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.WatchDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.CreateWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.CreateWatcher is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.GetWatcherEvents is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[filesystem.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[filesystem.RemoveWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.RemoveWatcher is not implemented"))
+}

envd/internal/services/spec/process/processconnect/process.connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+// Code generated by protoc-gen-connect-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+//
+// Source: process/process.proto
+
+package processconnect
+
+import (
+	connect "connectrpc.com/connect"
+	context "context"
+	errors "errors"
+	process "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec/process"
+	http "net/http"
+	strings "strings"
+)
+
+// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file and the connect package are
+// compatible. If you get a compiler error that this constant is not defined, this code was
+// generated with a version of connect newer than the one compiled into your binary. You can fix the
+// problem by either regenerating this code with an older version of connect or updating the connect
+// version compiled into your binary.
+const _ = connect.IsAtLeastVersion1_13_0
+
+const (
+	// ProcessName is the fully-qualified name of the Process service.
+	ProcessName = "process.Process"
+)
+
+// These constants are the fully-qualified names of the RPCs defined in this package. They're
+// exposed at runtime as Spec.Procedure and as the final two segments of the HTTP route.
+//
+// Note that these are different from the fully-qualified method names used by
+// google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect. To convert from these constants to
+// reflection-formatted method names, remove the leading slash and convert the remaining slash to a
+// period.
+const (
+	// ProcessListProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's List RPC.
+	ProcessListProcedure = "/process.Process/List"
+	// ProcessConnectProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Connect RPC.
+	ProcessConnectProcedure = "/process.Process/Connect"
+	// ProcessStartProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Start RPC.
+	ProcessStartProcedure = "/process.Process/Start"
+	// ProcessUpdateProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Update RPC.
+	ProcessUpdateProcedure = "/process.Process/Update"
+	// ProcessStreamInputProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's StreamInput RPC.
+	ProcessStreamInputProcedure = "/process.Process/StreamInput"
+	// ProcessSendInputProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's SendInput RPC.
+	ProcessSendInputProcedure = "/process.Process/SendInput"
+	// ProcessSendSignalProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's SendSignal RPC.
+	ProcessSendSignalProcedure = "/process.Process/SendSignal"
+	// ProcessCloseStdinProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's CloseStdin RPC.
+	ProcessCloseStdinProcedure = "/process.Process/CloseStdin"
+)
+
+// ProcessClient is a client for the process.Process service.
+type ProcessClient interface {
+	List(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.ListResponse], error)
+	Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ConnectRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[process.ConnectResponse], error)
+	Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.StartRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[process.StartResponse], error)
+	Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.UpdateResponse], error)
+	// Client input stream ensures ordering of messages
+	StreamInput(context.Context) *connect.ClientStreamForClient[process.StreamInputRequest, process.StreamInputResponse]
+	SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendInputResponse], error)
+	SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendSignalResponse], error)
+	// Close stdin to signal EOF to the process.
+	// Only works for non-PTY processes. For PTY, send Ctrl+D (0x04) instead.
+	CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.CloseStdinResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewProcessClient constructs a client for the process.Process service. By default, it uses the
+// Connect protocol with the binary Protobuf Codec, asks for gzipped responses, and sends
+// uncompressed requests. To use the gRPC or gRPC-Web protocols, supply the connect.WithGRPC() or
+// connect.WithGRPCWeb() options.
+//
+// The URL supplied here should be the base URL for the Connect or gRPC server (for example,
+// http://api.acme.com or https://acme.com/grpc).
+func NewProcessClient(httpClient connect.HTTPClient, baseURL string, opts ...connect.ClientOption) ProcessClient {
+	baseURL = strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/")
+	processMethods := process.File_process_process_proto.Services().ByName("Process").Methods()
+	return &processClient{
+		list: connect.NewClient[process.ListRequest, process.ListResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessListProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("List")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		connect: connect.NewClient[process.ConnectRequest, process.ConnectResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessConnectProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Connect")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		start: connect.NewClient[process.StartRequest, process.StartResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessStartProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Start")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		update: connect.NewClient[process.UpdateRequest, process.UpdateResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessUpdateProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Update")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		streamInput: connect.NewClient[process.StreamInputRequest, process.StreamInputResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessStreamInputProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("StreamInput")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		sendInput: connect.NewClient[process.SendInputRequest, process.SendInputResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessSendInputProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendInput")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		sendSignal: connect.NewClient[process.SendSignalRequest, process.SendSignalResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessSendSignalProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendSignal")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		closeStdin: connect.NewClient[process.CloseStdinRequest, process.CloseStdinResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessCloseStdinProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("CloseStdin")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+// processClient implements ProcessClient.
+type processClient struct {
+	list        *connect.Client[process.ListRequest, process.ListResponse]
+	connect     *connect.Client[process.ConnectRequest, process.ConnectResponse]
+	start       *connect.Client[process.StartRequest, process.StartResponse]
+	update      *connect.Client[process.UpdateRequest, process.UpdateResponse]
+	streamInput *connect.Client[process.StreamInputRequest, process.StreamInputResponse]
+	sendInput   *connect.Client[process.SendInputRequest, process.SendInputResponse]
+	sendSignal  *connect.Client[process.SendSignalRequest, process.SendSignalResponse]
+	closeStdin  *connect.Client[process.CloseStdinRequest, process.CloseStdinResponse]
+}
+
+// List calls process.Process.List.
+func (c *processClient) List(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.ListResponse], error) {
+	return c.list.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Connect calls process.Process.Connect.
+func (c *processClient) Connect(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.ConnectRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[process.ConnectResponse], error) {
+	return c.connect.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Start calls process.Process.Start.
+func (c *processClient) Start(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.StartRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[process.StartResponse], error) {
+	return c.start.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Update calls process.Process.Update.
+func (c *processClient) Update(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.UpdateResponse], error) {
+	return c.update.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// StreamInput calls process.Process.StreamInput.
+func (c *processClient) StreamInput(ctx context.Context) *connect.ClientStreamForClient[process.StreamInputRequest, process.StreamInputResponse] {
+	return c.streamInput.CallClientStream(ctx)
+}
+
+// SendInput calls process.Process.SendInput.
+func (c *processClient) SendInput(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendInputResponse], error) {
+	return c.sendInput.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// SendSignal calls process.Process.SendSignal.
+func (c *processClient) SendSignal(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendSignalResponse], error) {
+	return c.sendSignal.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// CloseStdin calls process.Process.CloseStdin.
+func (c *processClient) CloseStdin(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[process.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.CloseStdinResponse], error) {
+	return c.closeStdin.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// ProcessHandler is an implementation of the process.Process service.
+type ProcessHandler interface {
+	List(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.ListResponse], error)
+	Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ConnectRequest], *connect.ServerStream[process.ConnectResponse]) error
+	Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.StartRequest], *connect.ServerStream[process.StartResponse]) error
+	Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.UpdateResponse], error)
+	// Client input stream ensures ordering of messages
+	StreamInput(context.Context, *connect.ClientStream[process.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.StreamInputResponse], error)
+	SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendInputResponse], error)
+	SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendSignalResponse], error)
+	// Close stdin to signal EOF to the process.
+	// Only works for non-PTY processes. For PTY, send Ctrl+D (0x04) instead.
+	CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.CloseStdinResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewProcessHandler builds an HTTP handler from the service implementation. It returns the path on
+// which to mount the handler and the handler itself.
+//
+// By default, handlers support the Connect, gRPC, and gRPC-Web protocols with the binary Protobuf
+// and JSON codecs. They also support gzip compression.
+func NewProcessHandler(svc ProcessHandler, opts ...connect.HandlerOption) (string, http.Handler) {
+	processMethods := process.File_process_process_proto.Services().ByName("Process").Methods()
+	processListHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessListProcedure,
+		svc.List,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("List")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processConnectHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		ProcessConnectProcedure,
+		svc.Connect,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Connect")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processStartHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		ProcessStartProcedure,
+		svc.Start,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Start")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processUpdateHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessUpdateProcedure,
+		svc.Update,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Update")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processStreamInputHandler := connect.NewClientStreamHandler(
+		ProcessStreamInputProcedure,
+		svc.StreamInput,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("StreamInput")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processSendInputHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessSendInputProcedure,
+		svc.SendInput,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendInput")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processSendSignalHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessSendSignalProcedure,
+		svc.SendSignal,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendSignal")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processCloseStdinHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessCloseStdinProcedure,
+		svc.CloseStdin,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("CloseStdin")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	return "/process.Process/", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case ProcessListProcedure:
+			processListHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessConnectProcedure:
+			processConnectHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessStartProcedure:
+			processStartHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessUpdateProcedure:
+			processUpdateHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessStreamInputProcedure:
+			processStreamInputHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessSendInputProcedure:
+			processSendInputHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessSendSignalProcedure:
+			processSendSignalHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessCloseStdinProcedure:
+			processCloseStdinHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// UnimplementedProcessHandler returns CodeUnimplemented from all methods.
+type UnimplementedProcessHandler struct{}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) List(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.ListResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.List is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.ConnectRequest], *connect.ServerStream[process.ConnectResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Connect is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.StartRequest], *connect.ServerStream[process.StartResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Start is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.UpdateResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Update is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) StreamInput(context.Context, *connect.ClientStream[process.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.StreamInputResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.StreamInput is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendInputResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.SendInput is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.SendSignalResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.SendSignal is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[process.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[process.CloseStdinResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.CloseStdin is not implemented"))
+}

envd/internal/services/spec/specconnect/filesystem.connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Code generated by protoc-gen-connect-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+//
+// Source: filesystem.proto
+
+package specconnect
+
+import (
+	connect "connectrpc.com/connect"
+	context "context"
+	errors "errors"
+	spec "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec"
+	http "net/http"
+	strings "strings"
+)
+
+// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file and the connect package are
+// compatible. If you get a compiler error that this constant is not defined, this code was
+// generated with a version of connect newer than the one compiled into your binary. You can fix the
+// problem by either regenerating this code with an older version of connect or updating the connect
+// version compiled into your binary.
+const _ = connect.IsAtLeastVersion1_13_0
+
+const (
+	// FilesystemName is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem service.
+	FilesystemName = "filesystem.Filesystem"
+)
+
+// These constants are the fully-qualified names of the RPCs defined in this package. They're
+// exposed at runtime as Spec.Procedure and as the final two segments of the HTTP route.
+//
+// Note that these are different from the fully-qualified method names used by
+// google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect. To convert from these constants to
+// reflection-formatted method names, remove the leading slash and convert the remaining slash to a
+// period.
+const (
+	// FilesystemStatProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Stat RPC.
+	FilesystemStatProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Stat"
+	// FilesystemMakeDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's MakeDir RPC.
+	FilesystemMakeDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/MakeDir"
+	// FilesystemMoveProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Move RPC.
+	FilesystemMoveProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Move"
+	// FilesystemListDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's ListDir RPC.
+	FilesystemListDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/ListDir"
+	// FilesystemRemoveProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's Remove RPC.
+	FilesystemRemoveProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/Remove"
+	// FilesystemWatchDirProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's WatchDir RPC.
+	FilesystemWatchDirProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/WatchDir"
+	// FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's CreateWatcher
+	// RPC.
+	FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/CreateWatcher"
+	// FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's
+	// GetWatcherEvents RPC.
+	FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/GetWatcherEvents"
+	// FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Filesystem's RemoveWatcher
+	// RPC.
+	FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure = "/filesystem.Filesystem/RemoveWatcher"
+)
+
+// FilesystemClient is a client for the filesystem.Filesystem service.
+type FilesystemClient interface {
+	Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StatResponse], error)
+	MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MakeDirResponse], error)
+	Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MoveResponse], error)
+	ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListDirResponse], error)
+	Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveResponse], error)
+	WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.WatchDirRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.WatchDirResponse], error)
+	// Non-streaming versions of WatchDir
+	CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CreateWatcherResponse], error)
+	GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error)
+	RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveWatcherResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewFilesystemClient constructs a client for the filesystem.Filesystem service. By default, it
+// uses the Connect protocol with the binary Protobuf Codec, asks for gzipped responses, and sends
+// uncompressed requests. To use the gRPC or gRPC-Web protocols, supply the connect.WithGRPC() or
+// connect.WithGRPCWeb() options.
+//
+// The URL supplied here should be the base URL for the Connect or gRPC server (for example,
+// http://api.acme.com or https://acme.com/grpc).
+func NewFilesystemClient(httpClient connect.HTTPClient, baseURL string, opts ...connect.ClientOption) FilesystemClient {
+	baseURL = strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/")
+	filesystemMethods := spec.File_filesystem_proto.Services().ByName("Filesystem").Methods()
+	return &filesystemClient{
+		stat: connect.NewClient[spec.StatRequest, spec.StatResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemStatProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Stat")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		makeDir: connect.NewClient[spec.MakeDirRequest, spec.MakeDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemMakeDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("MakeDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		move: connect.NewClient[spec.MoveRequest, spec.MoveResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemMoveProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Move")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		listDir: connect.NewClient[spec.ListDirRequest, spec.ListDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemListDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("ListDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		remove: connect.NewClient[spec.RemoveRequest, spec.RemoveResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemRemoveProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Remove")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		watchDir: connect.NewClient[spec.WatchDirRequest, spec.WatchDirResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemWatchDirProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("WatchDir")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		createWatcher: connect.NewClient[spec.CreateWatcherRequest, spec.CreateWatcherResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("CreateWatcher")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		getWatcherEvents: connect.NewClient[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest, spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("GetWatcherEvents")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		removeWatcher: connect.NewClient[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest, spec.RemoveWatcherResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("RemoveWatcher")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+// filesystemClient implements FilesystemClient.
+type filesystemClient struct {
+	stat             *connect.Client[spec.StatRequest, spec.StatResponse]
+	makeDir          *connect.Client[spec.MakeDirRequest, spec.MakeDirResponse]
+	move             *connect.Client[spec.MoveRequest, spec.MoveResponse]
+	listDir          *connect.Client[spec.ListDirRequest, spec.ListDirResponse]
+	remove           *connect.Client[spec.RemoveRequest, spec.RemoveResponse]
+	watchDir         *connect.Client[spec.WatchDirRequest, spec.WatchDirResponse]
+	createWatcher    *connect.Client[spec.CreateWatcherRequest, spec.CreateWatcherResponse]
+	getWatcherEvents *connect.Client[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest, spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse]
+	removeWatcher    *connect.Client[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest, spec.RemoveWatcherResponse]
+}
+
+// Stat calls filesystem.Filesystem.Stat.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Stat(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StatResponse], error) {
+	return c.stat.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// MakeDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.MakeDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) MakeDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MakeDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.makeDir.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Move calls filesystem.Filesystem.Move.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Move(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MoveResponse], error) {
+	return c.move.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// ListDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.ListDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) ListDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.listDir.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Remove calls filesystem.Filesystem.Remove.
+func (c *filesystemClient) Remove(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveResponse], error) {
+	return c.remove.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// WatchDir calls filesystem.Filesystem.WatchDir.
+func (c *filesystemClient) WatchDir(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.WatchDirRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.WatchDirResponse], error) {
+	return c.watchDir.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// CreateWatcher calls filesystem.Filesystem.CreateWatcher.
+func (c *filesystemClient) CreateWatcher(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CreateWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return c.createWatcher.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// GetWatcherEvents calls filesystem.Filesystem.GetWatcherEvents.
+func (c *filesystemClient) GetWatcherEvents(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error) {
+	return c.getWatcherEvents.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// RemoveWatcher calls filesystem.Filesystem.RemoveWatcher.
+func (c *filesystemClient) RemoveWatcher(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return c.removeWatcher.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// FilesystemHandler is an implementation of the filesystem.Filesystem service.
+type FilesystemHandler interface {
+	Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StatResponse], error)
+	MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MakeDirResponse], error)
+	Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MoveResponse], error)
+	ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListDirResponse], error)
+	Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveResponse], error)
+	WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.WatchDirRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.WatchDirResponse]) error
+	// Non-streaming versions of WatchDir
+	CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CreateWatcherResponse], error)
+	GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error)
+	RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveWatcherResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewFilesystemHandler builds an HTTP handler from the service implementation. It returns the path
+// on which to mount the handler and the handler itself.
+//
+// By default, handlers support the Connect, gRPC, and gRPC-Web protocols with the binary Protobuf
+// and JSON codecs. They also support gzip compression.
+func NewFilesystemHandler(svc FilesystemHandler, opts ...connect.HandlerOption) (string, http.Handler) {
+	filesystemMethods := spec.File_filesystem_proto.Services().ByName("Filesystem").Methods()
+	filesystemStatHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemStatProcedure,
+		svc.Stat,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Stat")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemMakeDirHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemMakeDirProcedure,
+		svc.MakeDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("MakeDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemMoveHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemMoveProcedure,
+		svc.Move,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Move")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemListDirHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemListDirProcedure,
+		svc.ListDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("ListDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemRemoveHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemRemoveProcedure,
+		svc.Remove,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("Remove")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemWatchDirHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		FilesystemWatchDirProcedure,
+		svc.WatchDir,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("WatchDir")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemCreateWatcherHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure,
+		svc.CreateWatcher,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("CreateWatcher")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemGetWatcherEventsHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure,
+		svc.GetWatcherEvents,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("GetWatcherEvents")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	filesystemRemoveWatcherHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure,
+		svc.RemoveWatcher,
+		connect.WithSchema(filesystemMethods.ByName("RemoveWatcher")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	return "/filesystem.Filesystem/", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case FilesystemStatProcedure:
+			filesystemStatHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemMakeDirProcedure:
+			filesystemMakeDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemMoveProcedure:
+			filesystemMoveHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemListDirProcedure:
+			filesystemListDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemRemoveProcedure:
+			filesystemRemoveHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemWatchDirProcedure:
+			filesystemWatchDirHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemCreateWatcherProcedure:
+			filesystemCreateWatcherHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemGetWatcherEventsProcedure:
+			filesystemGetWatcherEventsHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case FilesystemRemoveWatcherProcedure:
+			filesystemRemoveWatcherHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// UnimplementedFilesystemHandler returns CodeUnimplemented from all methods.
+type UnimplementedFilesystemHandler struct{}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Stat(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StatRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StatResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Stat is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) MakeDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MakeDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MakeDirResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.MakeDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Move(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.MoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.MoveResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Move is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) ListDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListDirRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListDirResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.ListDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) Remove(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.Remove is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) WatchDir(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.WatchDirRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.WatchDirResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.WatchDir is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) CreateWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CreateWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CreateWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.CreateWatcher is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) GetWatcherEvents(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.GetWatcherEventsRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.GetWatcherEventsResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.GetWatcherEvents is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedFilesystemHandler) RemoveWatcher(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.RemoveWatcherRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.RemoveWatcherResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("filesystem.Filesystem.RemoveWatcher is not implemented"))
+}

envd/internal/services/spec/specconnect/process.connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Code generated by protoc-gen-connect-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+//
+// Source: process.proto
+
+package specconnect
+
+import (
+	connect "connectrpc.com/connect"
+	context "context"
+	errors "errors"
+	spec "git.omukk.dev/wrenn/sandbox/envd/internal/services/spec"
+	http "net/http"
+	strings "strings"
+)
+
+// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file and the connect package are
+// compatible. If you get a compiler error that this constant is not defined, this code was
+// generated with a version of connect newer than the one compiled into your binary. You can fix the
+// problem by either regenerating this code with an older version of connect or updating the connect
+// version compiled into your binary.
+const _ = connect.IsAtLeastVersion1_13_0
+
+const (
+	// ProcessName is the fully-qualified name of the Process service.
+	ProcessName = "process.Process"
+)
+
+// These constants are the fully-qualified names of the RPCs defined in this package. They're
+// exposed at runtime as Spec.Procedure and as the final two segments of the HTTP route.
+//
+// Note that these are different from the fully-qualified method names used by
+// google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect. To convert from these constants to
+// reflection-formatted method names, remove the leading slash and convert the remaining slash to a
+// period.
+const (
+	// ProcessListProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's List RPC.
+	ProcessListProcedure = "/process.Process/List"
+	// ProcessConnectProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Connect RPC.
+	ProcessConnectProcedure = "/process.Process/Connect"
+	// ProcessStartProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Start RPC.
+	ProcessStartProcedure = "/process.Process/Start"
+	// ProcessUpdateProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's Update RPC.
+	ProcessUpdateProcedure = "/process.Process/Update"
+	// ProcessStreamInputProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's StreamInput RPC.
+	ProcessStreamInputProcedure = "/process.Process/StreamInput"
+	// ProcessSendInputProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's SendInput RPC.
+	ProcessSendInputProcedure = "/process.Process/SendInput"
+	// ProcessSendSignalProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's SendSignal RPC.
+	ProcessSendSignalProcedure = "/process.Process/SendSignal"
+	// ProcessCloseStdinProcedure is the fully-qualified name of the Process's CloseStdin RPC.
+	ProcessCloseStdinProcedure = "/process.Process/CloseStdin"
+)
+
+// ProcessClient is a client for the process.Process service.
+type ProcessClient interface {
+	List(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListResponse], error)
+	Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ConnectRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.ConnectResponse], error)
+	Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StartRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.StartResponse], error)
+	Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.UpdateResponse], error)
+	// Client input stream ensures ordering of messages
+	StreamInput(context.Context) *connect.ClientStreamForClient[spec.StreamInputRequest, spec.StreamInputResponse]
+	SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendInputResponse], error)
+	SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendSignalResponse], error)
+	// Close stdin to signal EOF to the process.
+	// Only works for non-PTY processes. For PTY, send Ctrl+D (0x04) instead.
+	CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CloseStdinResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewProcessClient constructs a client for the process.Process service. By default, it uses the
+// Connect protocol with the binary Protobuf Codec, asks for gzipped responses, and sends
+// uncompressed requests. To use the gRPC or gRPC-Web protocols, supply the connect.WithGRPC() or
+// connect.WithGRPCWeb() options.
+//
+// The URL supplied here should be the base URL for the Connect or gRPC server (for example,
+// http://api.acme.com or https://acme.com/grpc).
+func NewProcessClient(httpClient connect.HTTPClient, baseURL string, opts ...connect.ClientOption) ProcessClient {
+	baseURL = strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/")
+	processMethods := spec.File_process_proto.Services().ByName("Process").Methods()
+	return &processClient{
+		list: connect.NewClient[spec.ListRequest, spec.ListResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessListProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("List")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		connect: connect.NewClient[spec.ConnectRequest, spec.ConnectResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessConnectProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Connect")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		start: connect.NewClient[spec.StartRequest, spec.StartResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessStartProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Start")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		update: connect.NewClient[spec.UpdateRequest, spec.UpdateResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessUpdateProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Update")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		streamInput: connect.NewClient[spec.StreamInputRequest, spec.StreamInputResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessStreamInputProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("StreamInput")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		sendInput: connect.NewClient[spec.SendInputRequest, spec.SendInputResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessSendInputProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendInput")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		sendSignal: connect.NewClient[spec.SendSignalRequest, spec.SendSignalResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessSendSignalProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendSignal")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+		closeStdin: connect.NewClient[spec.CloseStdinRequest, spec.CloseStdinResponse](
+			httpClient,
+			baseURL+ProcessCloseStdinProcedure,
+			connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("CloseStdin")),
+			connect.WithClientOptions(opts...),
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+// processClient implements ProcessClient.
+type processClient struct {
+	list        *connect.Client[spec.ListRequest, spec.ListResponse]
+	connect     *connect.Client[spec.ConnectRequest, spec.ConnectResponse]
+	start       *connect.Client[spec.StartRequest, spec.StartResponse]
+	update      *connect.Client[spec.UpdateRequest, spec.UpdateResponse]
+	streamInput *connect.Client[spec.StreamInputRequest, spec.StreamInputResponse]
+	sendInput   *connect.Client[spec.SendInputRequest, spec.SendInputResponse]
+	sendSignal  *connect.Client[spec.SendSignalRequest, spec.SendSignalResponse]
+	closeStdin  *connect.Client[spec.CloseStdinRequest, spec.CloseStdinResponse]
+}
+
+// List calls process.Process.List.
+func (c *processClient) List(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListResponse], error) {
+	return c.list.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Connect calls process.Process.Connect.
+func (c *processClient) Connect(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.ConnectRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.ConnectResponse], error) {
+	return c.connect.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Start calls process.Process.Start.
+func (c *processClient) Start(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.StartRequest]) (*connect.ServerStreamForClient[spec.StartResponse], error) {
+	return c.start.CallServerStream(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// Update calls process.Process.Update.
+func (c *processClient) Update(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.UpdateResponse], error) {
+	return c.update.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// StreamInput calls process.Process.StreamInput.
+func (c *processClient) StreamInput(ctx context.Context) *connect.ClientStreamForClient[spec.StreamInputRequest, spec.StreamInputResponse] {
+	return c.streamInput.CallClientStream(ctx)
+}
+
+// SendInput calls process.Process.SendInput.
+func (c *processClient) SendInput(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendInputResponse], error) {
+	return c.sendInput.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// SendSignal calls process.Process.SendSignal.
+func (c *processClient) SendSignal(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendSignalResponse], error) {
+	return c.sendSignal.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// CloseStdin calls process.Process.CloseStdin.
+func (c *processClient) CloseStdin(ctx context.Context, req *connect.Request[spec.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CloseStdinResponse], error) {
+	return c.closeStdin.CallUnary(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// ProcessHandler is an implementation of the process.Process service.
+type ProcessHandler interface {
+	List(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListResponse], error)
+	Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ConnectRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.ConnectResponse]) error
+	Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StartRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.StartResponse]) error
+	Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.UpdateResponse], error)
+	// Client input stream ensures ordering of messages
+	StreamInput(context.Context, *connect.ClientStream[spec.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StreamInputResponse], error)
+	SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendInputResponse], error)
+	SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendSignalResponse], error)
+	// Close stdin to signal EOF to the process.
+	// Only works for non-PTY processes. For PTY, send Ctrl+D (0x04) instead.
+	CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CloseStdinResponse], error)
+}
+
+// NewProcessHandler builds an HTTP handler from the service implementation. It returns the path on
+// which to mount the handler and the handler itself.
+//
+// By default, handlers support the Connect, gRPC, and gRPC-Web protocols with the binary Protobuf
+// and JSON codecs. They also support gzip compression.
+func NewProcessHandler(svc ProcessHandler, opts ...connect.HandlerOption) (string, http.Handler) {
+	processMethods := spec.File_process_proto.Services().ByName("Process").Methods()
+	processListHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessListProcedure,
+		svc.List,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("List")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processConnectHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		ProcessConnectProcedure,
+		svc.Connect,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Connect")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processStartHandler := connect.NewServerStreamHandler(
+		ProcessStartProcedure,
+		svc.Start,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Start")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processUpdateHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessUpdateProcedure,
+		svc.Update,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("Update")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processStreamInputHandler := connect.NewClientStreamHandler(
+		ProcessStreamInputProcedure,
+		svc.StreamInput,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("StreamInput")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processSendInputHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessSendInputProcedure,
+		svc.SendInput,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendInput")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processSendSignalHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessSendSignalProcedure,
+		svc.SendSignal,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("SendSignal")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	processCloseStdinHandler := connect.NewUnaryHandler(
+		ProcessCloseStdinProcedure,
+		svc.CloseStdin,
+		connect.WithSchema(processMethods.ByName("CloseStdin")),
+		connect.WithHandlerOptions(opts...),
+	)
+	return "/process.Process/", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case ProcessListProcedure:
+			processListHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessConnectProcedure:
+			processConnectHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessStartProcedure:
+			processStartHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessUpdateProcedure:
+			processUpdateHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessStreamInputProcedure:
+			processStreamInputHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessSendInputProcedure:
+			processSendInputHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessSendSignalProcedure:
+			processSendSignalHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		case ProcessCloseStdinProcedure:
+			processCloseStdinHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// UnimplementedProcessHandler returns CodeUnimplemented from all methods.
+type UnimplementedProcessHandler struct{}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) List(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ListRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.ListResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.List is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Connect(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.ConnectRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.ConnectResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Connect is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Start(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.StartRequest], *connect.ServerStream[spec.StartResponse]) error {
+	return connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Start is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) Update(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.UpdateRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.UpdateResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.Update is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) StreamInput(context.Context, *connect.ClientStream[spec.StreamInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.StreamInputResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.StreamInput is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) SendInput(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendInputRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendInputResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.SendInput is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) SendSignal(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.SendSignalRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.SendSignalResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.SendSignal is not implemented"))
+}
+
+func (UnimplementedProcessHandler) CloseStdin(context.Context, *connect.Request[spec.CloseStdinRequest]) (*connect.Response[spec.CloseStdinResponse], error) {
+	return nil, connect.NewError(connect.CodeUnimplemented, errors.New("process.Process.CloseStdin is not implemented"))
+}